Bibcode
Kilham, D. A.; Pallé, E.; Kniveton, D. R.; Williams, C. J. R.; Laken, B. A.
Referencia bibliográfica
Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 117, Issue D11, CiteID D11201
Fecha de publicación:
6
2012
Número de citas
3
Número de citas referidas
3
Descripción
Satellite imagery reveals a visually striking pattern of persistent
line-shaped contrails located to the Northwest of the British Isles on 1
September 2007, just before sunrise. These contrails formed over the
heavily trafficked eastbound North Atlantic Track (NAT) flight paths, as
they intersected an area of prefrontal mixing. The high relative
humidity with respect to ice within the prefrontal mixing zone allowed
the contrails to persist, while the strictly regulated flight paths over
the region account for their remarkable shapes. The positioning of the
NAT flight paths to take advantage of the jet stream likely maximized
regional contrail formation. An estimation of the outgoing top of the
atmosphere longwave (LW) flux from the CERES instrument shows that the
contrails reduced the local instantaneous LW emissivity by 20.96
(±0.26) W/m2. This example demonstrates that for
middle latitude regions, prefrontal mixing is an important factor
governing the radiative influence of contrails. However, a full
estimation of the radiative impact is not possible, as we cannot specify
the amount of shortwave forcing caused by the persistence of the
contrails into daytime; moreover, several hours after formation the
line-shaped contrails spread and overlapped with pre-existing cloud
structures.