Context. The properties of NGC 7009 knots are investigated by employing UV-to-near-infrared data from the X-shooter spectrograph. NGC 7009 is a widely studied elliptical planetary nebula (PN) that exhibits a pair of knots. These structures belong to the category of low-ionization structures (LISs), which are characterized by enhanced emission from

Stellar line-of-sight velocity distributions are a powerful tool for studying galaxy kinematics and formation history, with multiple-peaked line-of-sight velocity distributions (LOSVDs) often indicating the presence of complex kinematic components. We extract stellar LOSVDs across the disc of a simulated spiral galaxy viewed edge-on, and study how

Rocky exoplanets are particularly abundant around M-type stars. These stars' small radii and low luminosities provide favourable conditions for detecting transiting terrestrial planets and probing their atmospheric properties. We report the discovery and statistical validation of TOI-4616 b, an Earth-sized planet transiting a nearby mid-M dwarf

Context. Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental mechanism underlying the heating and a wide variety of eruptive phenomena in the solar atmosphere; however, characterizing its 3D aspects remains challenging. Aims. Our aim is to understand how 3D magnetic reconnection in unipolar regions drives localized heating and plasma ejections. Methods. To this

We find that the aromatic and aliphatic emission bands in four carbon-rich post-asymptotic giant branch stars with class D emission arise from a single carrier population: extensive aliphatic decoration of an aromatic skeleton, i.e. molecules with a coherent aromatic backbone and an unusually high aliphatic content. This conclusion is based on JWST

The infrared spectra of many carbon-rich postasymptotic giant branch stars are dominated by emission features from aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, but the chemical structure of the carriers remains unidentified. Class D sources show unusual emission profiles with strong aliphatic emission, providing a stringent test of carrier candidates. Here