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The magnetic, thermal and velocity structure of a regular sunspot, observed close to solar disk center is presented. Spectropolarimetric data obtained with the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter (TIP) in two infrared FeI lines at 15 648.5 Å and 15 652.8 Å are inverted employing a technique based on response functions to retrieve the atmospheric

Context. Some observations indicate that the Milky Way has two inner components, a bulge and a long bar, which present a misalignment of Δα ≃ 20° that is against the predictions of some theoretical models that are based on numerical simulations. Aims: We wish to determine whether this misalignment between the bar and the bulge can be observed in

We explore the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the estimation of atmospheric parameters (Teff, logg, and [Fe/H]) for Galactic F- and G-type stars. The ANNs are fed with medium-resolution (Δλ~1-2 Å) non-flux-calibrated spectroscopic observations. From a sample of 279 stars with previous high-resolution determinations of

Context. Active regions are the most prominent manifestations of solar magnetic fields; their generation and dissipation are fundamental problems in solar physics. Light bridges are commonly present during sunspot decay, but a comprehensive picture of their role in the removal of the photospheric magnetic field is still lacking. Aims: We study the

Accurate astronomical distance determination is crucial for all fields in astrophysics, from Galactic to cosmological scales. Despite, or perhaps because of, significant efforts to determine accurate distances, using a wide range of methods, tracers, and techniques, an internally consistent astronomical distance framework has not yet been