Starting with its earliest Data Releases, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has a long history of producing visually inspected quasar catalogs. Here, we report on the quasar catalog from the sixteenth SDSS Data Release, DR16Q. The catalog comprises more than 750,000 unique quasars, of which 225,000 are new (as compared to the fourteenth data release, DR14Q). In addition to classifications and redshifts, DR16Q includes data from external surveys, including GALEX, UKIDSS, WISE, FIRST, 2MASS, ROSAT/2RXS, XMM-Newton, and Gaia. In particular, this is the first time that Gaia data has been included in an SDSS visually inspected quasar catalog. DR16Q includes redshift estimates that were uniformly derived via principal component analysis (PCA). As in some earlier releases, individual emission line redshifts have also been characterized, including estimates for six major broad lines; H alpha, H beta, Mg II, C III, C IV, and Lyman alpha. In addition, measurements of broad absorption line features (BALs), and damped Lyman Alpha systems (DLAs) are included. As part of the DR16Q catalog release, we will also provide a superset of about 1.4 million unique objects which were targeted as quasars but, upon classification, were found to not necessarily be quasars. All quasars from previous catalogs such as DR7Q and DR12Q are included in DR16Q, making it the most complete compilation of SDSS quasars to date. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics program under Award Number DE-SC0019022.