A number of scenarios have been proposed to explain the low velocity dispersion (and hence possible absence of dark matter) of the low surface brightness galaxies NGC1052-DF2 and NGC1052-DF4. Most of the proposed mechanisms are based on the removal of dark matter via the interaction of these galaxies with other objects. A common feature of these

Observational and theoretical evidence supports the idea that the influence of supermassive black hole growth on galaxies extends from the central tens of parsecs (localised, transient impact) to hundreds of kiloparsecs (global, long-term impact). Because of the completely different scales of these localised and global effects on the host galaxies

The completeness of stellar spectral libraries in all stellar evolutionary phases, parameter space (effective temperature, surface gravity, global metallicity) and chemical abundances, is required to build more sophisticated stellar population synthesis models to decode the enclosed information of galaxies of varying types. On the hand, due to