The emergence of toroidal flux tubes from beneath the solar photosphere
Context: Models of flux emergence frequently use a twisted cylindrical loop as the initial starting configuration and ignore the coupling between the radiation field and plasma. In these models, the axis of the original tube never emerges through the photosphere. Without the axis emerging, it is very difficult to form a realistic sunspot. Aims: The
Hood, A. W. et al.
Fecha de publicación:
9
2009