This paper presents a new diagnostic tool for the inference of the thermal, dynamic, and magnetic properties of the solar chromosphere. It consists of a non-LTE inversion code of Stokes profiles induced by the Zeeman effect in magnetized stellar atmospheres. This code is the generalization, to the non-LTE Stokes transfer case, of the inversion code

In this paper we deal with the problem of the generation of internal waves at the bottom of convective zone in solar-type stars, and with the transport process linked to the non-adiabatic propagation of these waves through the stable radiative region. The main improvement with respect to the previous papers in this series comes from the convection

We show that a wide variety of processes lead, in certain limit, to a simple generalization of the negative binomial distribution. Its properties are studied in detail and used to derive an important result in the theory of avalanches.

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Hubble Space Telescope images of NGC 3379 show that the V and I luminosity profiles in the inner 13" of this E1 galaxy are represented by two different components: a stellar bulge following a Sérsic law with exponent n=2.36 and a central core (r

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