We present and analyse the results of the Science Data Challenge 3a (SDC3a, https://sdc3.skao.int/challenges/foregrounds), an epoch of reionization (EoR) foreground-removal exercise organized by the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) on SKA simulated data. The challenge ran for 8 months, from 2023 March to October. Participants were provided

The Rosette Nebula is a well-known H II region shaped by the interaction of gas with the OB stars of the NGC 2244 stellar association. Located within the remnant of a giant molecular cloud, it exhibits a complex structure of ionized gas, molecular material, dust, and embedded clusters. In 2023 October, the region was observed as part of the Sloan

Scaling relations between galactic parameters (e.g., luminosity, mass, metallicity, etc.) represent key pieces of evidence for investigating the processes of galaxy formation and evolution. In most studies, these relations have been obtained for large portions of the galaxies (i.e., on kiloparsec scales), but it is also important to evaluate these

Aims. A few years ago, we investigated the massive young stellar object (MYSO) G29.862–0.0044 (YSO-G29), an intriguing star-forming region at a distance of 6.2 kpc. Although the typical disc-jet scenario was proposed to explain the observations, it remained far from conclusive. We wonder if the puzzling observed near-IR features are produced by

Systematic effects can hinder the sought-after detection of primordial gravitational waves, impacting the reconstruction of the B-mode polarization signal which they generate in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). In this work, we study the impact of an imperfect knowledge of the instrument bandpasses on the estimate of the tensor-to-scalar

Recovering the polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB) is essential for shedding light on the exponential expansion of the very early Universe, known as cosmic inflation. Achieving this goal requires not only improved instrumental sensitivity but also the development of robust and diverse data analysis techniques. In this work, we explore a