Bibcode
Moreno-Insertis, F.; Martinez-Sykora, J.; Hansteen, V. H.; Muñoz, D.
Bibliographical reference
The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Volume 859, Issue 2, article id. L26, 7 pp. (2018).
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6
2018
Citations
26
Refereed citations
26
Description
Small bipolar magnetic features are observed to appear in the interior
of individual granules in the quiet Sun, signaling the emergence of tiny
magnetic loops from the solar interior. We study the origin of those
features as part of the magnetoconvection process in the top layers of
the convection zone. Two quiet-Sun magnetoconvection models, calculated
with the radiation-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Bifrost code and with
domain stretching from the top layers of the convection zone to the
corona, are analyzed. Using 3D visualization as well as a posteriori
spectral synthesis of Stokes parameters, we detect the repeated
emergence of small magnetic elements in the interior of granules, as in
the observations. Additionally, we identify the formation of organized
horizontal magnetic sheets covering whole granules. Our approach is
twofold, calculating statistical properties of the system, like joint
probability density functions (JPDFs), and pursuing individual events
via visualization tools. We conclude that the small magnetic loops
surfacing within individual granules in the observations may originate
from sites at or near the downflows in the granular and mesogranular
levels, probably in the first 1 or 1.5 Mm below the surface. We also
document the creation of granule-covering magnetic sheet-like structures
through the sideways expansion of a small subphotospheric magnetic
concentration picked up and pulled out of the interior by a nascent
granule. The sheet-like structures that we found in the models may match
the recent observations of Centeno et al.
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