Recent James Webb Space Telescope data analyses have shown that massive red galaxies existed at redshifts z ≳ 6, a discovery that is difficult to understand in the context of standard cosmology (ΛCDM). Here, we analyze these observations more deeply, by fitting a stellar population model to the optical and near-infrared photometric data. These fits

The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) shows a large variation in ultraviolet (UV) dust extinction curves, ranging from Milky Way (MW) like to significantly steeper curves with no detectable 2175 Å bump. This result is based on a sample of only nine sight lines. From Hubble Space Telescope Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph and IUE spectra of OB stars

Context. Inferences of the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere by means of spectropolarimetric inversions (i.e., Stokes inversion codes) yield magnetic fields that are non-solenoidal (∇ ⋅ B ≠ 0). Because of this, results obtained by such methods are sometimes put into question. Aims: We aim to develop and implement a new technique that, in