Bibcode
Nandakumar, G.; Kordopatis, G.; Schultheis, M.; Ryde, N.; Palicio, P. A.; Spitoni, E.; Matteucci, F.
Bibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics
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8
2026
Journal
Citations
0
Refereed citations
0
Description
Context. Studying the chemical abundance of stars of different ages and masses allows us to trace the chemical evolution of the Milky Way. Recently, a chemically depleted young, massive stellar population was identified using the spectroscopic catalogue of Gaia data release 3 (DR3). To explain its characteristics, a recent enhanced star formation event, via a third infall occurring within the last 2 Gyr, has been invoked. Aims. In this study we reassessed the low α-sequence of massive stars identified in the Gaia spectroscopic catalogue and investigated their presence in other Milky Way spectroscopic survey catalogues. Methods. We selected massive-sequence stars and red giant branch stars from the Gaia DR3 catalogue using the same filtering strategy adopted in previous chemical-cartography studies. These samples were then cross-matched with APOGEE DR17, GALAH DR4, and Gaia CNN to enable a detailed comparison of stellar parameters and α-abundances. Stellar masses were estimated by projecting their atmospheric parameters and infrared magnitudes onto PARSEC isochrones. Results. For the massive-star sample, we find large discrepancies in stellar parameters and calcium abundances between Gaia DR3 and the three external surveys. The external catalogues do not show a low-calcium sequence but rather resemble those of thin-disc Red giant branch (RGB) stars. Other α-elements (silicon in APOGEE and GALAH, and magnesium in GALAH) also do not show depleted values. In APOGEE, however, massive-sequence stars with metallicities above --0.5 dex display lower magnesium abundances. We attribute this to APOGEE's use of macroturbulence velocities calibrated solely on metallicity. Conclusions. Our analysis does not show any evidence of α-element depletion in massive-sequence stars. Alpha-abundances of massive-sequence stars derived from the Gaia-RVS spectra should therefore be used with caution. Nevertheless, the previously proposed three-infall chemical-evolution models remain plausible: even without a chemically depleted young massive population, scenarios involving only mild dilution could still account for recent star formation episodes.