Bibcode
Kranich, D.; Mirzoyan, R.; Petry, D.; Raubenheimer, B. C.; Aharonian, F.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Barrio, J. A.; Beck, C.; Bernlöhr, K.; Bojahr, H.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Daum, A.; Deckers, T.; Denninghoff, S.; Fonseca, V.; Gebauer, J.; Gonzalez, J. C.; Heinzelmann, G.; Hemberger, M.; Hermann, G.; Hess, M.; Heusler, A.; Hofmann, W.; Hohl, H.; Horns, D.; Ibarra, A.; Kankanyan, R.; Kestel, M.; Kirstein, O.; Köhler, C.; Konopelko, A.; Kornmayer, H.; Krawczynski, H.; Lampeitl, H.; Lindner, A.; Lorenz, E.; Magnussen, N.; Meyer, H.; Moralejo, A.; Padilla, L.; Panter, M.; Plaga, R.; Plyasheshnikov, A.; Prahl, J.; Pühlhofer, G.; Rauterberg, G.; Renault, C.; Rhode, W.; Roehring, A.; Sahakian, V.; Samorski, M.; Schmele, D.; Schröder, F.; Stamm, W.; Völk, H.; Wiebel-Sooth, B.; Wiedner, C.; Willmer, M.; Wirth, H.; Wittek, W.
Bibliographical reference
Astroparticle Physics, Volume 12, Issue 1-2, p. 65-74.
Advertised on:
10
1999
Journal
Citations
15
Refereed citations
11
Description
TeV gamma-ray signals from the Crab Nebula and Mkn 501 were detected
with the HEGRA CT1 imaging Cerenkov telescope during periods when the
moon was shining and during twilight. This was accomplished by lowering
the high voltage supply of the photomultipliers in fixed steps up to
13%. No other adjustments were made and no filters were used. Laser runs
could not establish any nonlinearity in the gain of the individual
pixels, and the trigger rate was uniform over the whole camera. The
energy threshold was increased by up to a factor of two, depending on
the amount of HV reduction. In a series of observations lasting 11.7
hours, a signal with a 3.4sigma significance was detected from the Crab.
During the 1997 multiple flare episode of Mkn 501 a 26sigma combined
excess was recorded during 134 hours of observations under various
moonshine/twilight conditions. The results show that this technique can
easily be adapted to increase the exposure of a source, which is
important for sources showing rapid time variability such as AGNs or
GRBs. Observations can be made up to ~20^∘ angular separation from
the moon and until the moon is 85% illuminated (ten to eleven days
before and after new moon), as well as during 20 to 40 minutes during
twilight, before the commencement of astronomical darkness.