An investigation of non-canonical mixing in red giant stars using APOGEE <SUP>12</SUP>C/<SUP>13</SUP>C ratios observed in open cluster stars
Standard stellar evolution theory poorly predicts the surface abundances of chemical species in low-mass, red giant branch (RGB) stars. Observations show an enhancement of p-p chain and CNO cycle products in red giant envelopes, which suggests the existence of non-canonical mixing that brings interior burning products to the surface of these stars
McCormick, Caroline et al.
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9
2023