Aims. The chemical abundance of the interstellar medium sets the initial conditions for star formation and provides a probe of chemical galaxy evolution models. However, unresolved inhomogeneities in the electron temperature can lead to a systematic underestimation of the abundances. We aim to directly test this effect. Methods. We used the SDSS-V

The near-infrared calcium II triplet (CaT), around 850 nm, is a key metallicity indicator for red giant stars. We present a revised [Fe/H] calibration as a function of CaT line strengths and four luminosity indicators, including the Gaia G band, together with the classical V, I, and $K_s$ bandpasses. For this purpose, we used a sample of 366 red

Owing to hot and inflated envelopes that facilitate atmospheric studies, ultrahot Jupiters (UHJs) have attracted much attention. Significant progress has been achieved, from enlarging the sample size to broadening the studies to encompass diverse stellar types and ages. Here, we present a transmission spectroscopy study of HAT-P-70b, a UHJ orbiting

Dust in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) has been detected statistically, using tens of thousands of background galaxies or quasars to measure average attenuation. However, variations in dust properties among galaxies, and the causes of those variations, are lost when stacking. To achieve a sufficient level of precision that enables spatially

In order to test the robustness and reliability of the new generation spectral-line identifier PyEMILI, as initially introduced in Paper I, in line identification and establish a reference/benchmark dataset for future spectroscopic studies, we run the code on the line lists of a selected sample of emission-line nebulae, including planetary nebulae

The search for sources of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos can be significantly advanced through a multimessenger approach, which seeks to detect the γ-rays that accompany neutrinos as they are produced at their sources. Multimessenger observations have so far provided the first evidence for a neutrino source, illustrated by the joint detection