Bibcode
                                    
                            Sereno, M.; Giocoli, Carlo; Izzo, Luca; Marulli, Federico; Veropalumbo, Alfonso; Ettori, Stefano; Moscardini, Lauro; Covone, Giovanni; Ferragamo, A.; Barrena, R.; Streblyanska, A.
    Bibliographical reference
                                    Nature Astronomy, Volume 2, p. 744-750
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                        7
            
                        2018
            
  Citations
                                    22
                            Refereed citations
                                    20
                            Description
                                    Galaxy clusters form at the highest-density nodes of the cosmic
web1,2. The clustering of dark matter halos hosting these
galaxy clusters is enhanced relative to the general mass distribution,
with the matter density beyond the virial region being strongly
correlated to the halo mass (halo bias)3. Halo properties
other than mass can further enhance the halo clustering (secondary
bias)4-7. Observational campaigns have ascertained the halo
bias8-10, but efforts to detect this secondary bias for
massive halos have been inconclusive11-13. Here, we report
the analysis of the environment bias in a sample of massive clusters,
selected through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect by the Planck
mission14,15, focusing on the detection of the environment
dark matter correlated to a single cluster, PSZ2 G099.86+58.45. The
gravitational lensing signal of the outskirts is very large and can be
traced up to 30 megaparsecs with a high signal-to-noise ratio (about
3.4), implying environment matter density in notable excess of the
cosmological mean. Our finding reveals this system to be extremely rare
in the current paradigm of structure formation and, implies that
enhancing mechanisms around high-mass halos can be very effective.
Future lensing surveys will probe the surroundings of single haloes,
enabling the study of their formation and evolution of structure.
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