Bibcode
DOI
Arp, Halton; Russell, David
Bibliographical reference
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 549, Issue 2, pp. 802-819.
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3
2001
Journal
Citations
24
Refereed citations
13
Description
The distribution on the sky of clusters of galaxies shows significant
association with relatively nearby, large, active galaxies. The pattern
is that of clusters paired equidistant across a central galaxy with the
apparent magnitudes and redshifts of their constituent galaxies being
closely matched. The clusters and the galaxies in them tend to be strong
X-ray and radio emitters, and their redshifts occur at preferred
redshift values. The central, low-redshift galaxies often show evidence
of ejection in the direction of these higher redshift clusters. In all
these respects the clusters resemble closely quasars which have been
increasingly shown for the last 34 years to be similarly associated with
active parent galaxies. New, especially significant pairings of quasars
are presented here, which are, at the same time, associated with Abell
clusters of galaxies. It is argued here that, empirically, the quasars
are ejected from active galaxies. They evolve to lower redshift with
time, forming stars, and fragmenting at the end of their development
into clusters of low-luminosity galaxies. The cluster galaxies can be at
the same distance as their lower redshift parents because they still
retain a component of their earlier, quasar intrinsic redshift.