Orbital Torus Imaging: Using Element Abundances to Map Orbits and Mass in the Milky Way

Price-Whelan, Adrian M.; Hogg, David W.; Johnston, Kathryn V.; Ness, Melissa K.; Rix, Hans-Walter; Beaton, Rachael L.; Brownstein, Joel R.; García-Hernández, D. A.; Hasselquist, Sten; Hayes, Christian R.; Lane, Richard R.; Shetrone, Matthew; Sobeck, Jennifer; Zasowski, Gail
Bibliographical reference

The Astrophysical Journal

Advertised on:
3
2021
Number of authors
14
IAC number of authors
1
Citations
12
Refereed citations
10
Description
Many approaches to galaxy dynamics assume that the gravitational potential is simple and the distribution function is time invariant. Under these assumptions there are traditional tools for inferring potential parameters given observations of stellar kinematics (e.g., Jeans models). However, spectroscopic surveys measure many stellar properties beyond kinematics. Here we present a new approach for dynamical inference, Orbital Torus Imaging, which makes use of kinematic measurements and element abundances (or other invariant labels). We exploit the fact that, in steady state, stellar labels vary systematically with orbit characteristics (actions), yet must be invariant with respect to orbital phases (conjugate angles). The orbital foliation of phase space must therefore coincide with surfaces along which all moments of all stellar label distributions are constant. Both classical-statistics and Bayesian methods can be built on this; these methods will be more robust and require fewer assumptions than traditional tools because they require no knowledge of the (spatial) survey selection function and do not involve second moments of velocity distributions. We perform a classical-statistics demonstration with red giant branch stars from the APOGEE surveys: we model the vertical orbit structure in the Milky Way disk to constrain the local disk mass, scale height, and the disk-halo mass ratio (at fixed local circular velocity). We find that the disk mass can be constrained (naïvely) at the few-percent level with Orbital Torus Imaging using only eight element-abundance ratios, demonstrating the promise of combining stellar labels with dynamical invariants.
Related projects
Project Image
Nucleosynthesis and molecular processes in the late stages of Stellar Evolution

Low- to intermediate-mass (M < 8 solar masses, Ms) stars represent the majority of stars in the Cosmos. They finish their lives on the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) - just before they form planetary nebulae (PNe) - where they experience complex nucleosynthetic and molecular processes. AGB stars are important contributors to the enrichment of the

Domingo Aníbal
García Hernández