Bibcode
Barkaoui, K.; Schwarz, R. P.; Narita, N.; Mistry, P.; Magliano, C.; Hirano, T.; Maity, M.; Burgasser, A. J.; Rackham, B. V.; Murgas, F.; Pozuelos, F. J.; Stassun, K. G.; Everett, M. E.; Ciardi, D. R.; Lamman, C.; Pass, E. K.; Bieryla, A.; Aganze, C.; Esparza-Borges, E.; Collins, K. A.; Covone, G.; de Leon, J.; Dévora-Pajares, M.; de Wit, J.; Fukuda, Izuru; Fukui, A.; Gerasimov, R.; Gillon, M.; Hayashi, Y.; Howell, S. B.; Ikoma, M.; Ikuta, K.; Jenkins, J. M.; Karpoor, P. R.; Kawai, Y.; Kimura, T.; Kotani, T.; Latham, D. W.; Mori, M.; Pallé, E.; Parviainen, H.; Patel, Y. G.; Ricker, G.; Relles, H. M.; Shporer, A.; Seager, S.; Softich, E.; Srdoc, G.; Tamura, M.; Theissen, C. A.; Twicken, J. D.; Vanderspek, R.; Watanabe, N.; Watkins, C. N.; Winn, J. N.; Wohler, B.
Bibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics
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7
2024
Journal
Citations
1
Refereed citations
0
Description
One of the main goals of the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission is the discovery of Earth-like planets around nearby M-dwarf stars. We present the discovery and validation of three new short-period Earth-sized planets orbiting nearby M dwarfs: TOI-5720 b, TOI-6008 b, and TOI-6086 b. We combined TESS data, ground-based multicolor light curves, ground-based optical and near-infrared spectroscopy, and Subaru/IRD radial velocity data to validate the planetary candidates and constrain the physical parameters of the systems. In addition, we used archival images, high-resolution imaging, and statistical validation techniques to support the planetary validation. TOI-5720 b is an Earth-sized planet with a radius of Rp = 1.09 ± 0.07 R⊕. It orbits a nearby (36 pc) M 2.5 host with an orbital period of P = 1.4344555 ± 0.0000036 days. It has an equilibrium temperature of Teq = 708 ± 19 K (assuming a null albedo) and an incident flux of Sp = 41.7 ± 4.5 S⊕. TOI-6008 b is a short-period planet of P = 0.8574347 ± 0.0000424 day. It has a radius of Rp = 1.03 ± 0.05 R⊕, an equilibrium temperature of Teq = 707 ± 19 K, and an incident flux of Sp = 41.5 ± 4.5 S⊕. The host star (TOI-6008) is a nearby (23 pc) M 5 with an effective temperature of Teff = 3075 ± 75 K. Based on the radial velocity measurements collected with Subaru/IRD, we set a 3σ upper limit of Mp < 4 M⊕, thus ruling out a star or brown dwarf as the transiting companion. TOI-6086 b orbits its nearby (32 pc) M 3 host star (Teff = 3200 ± 75 K) every 1.3888725 ± 0.0000827 days and has a radius of Rp = 1.18 ± 0.07 R⊕, an equilibrium temperature of Teq = 634 ± 16 K, and an incident flux of Sp = 26.8 ± 2.7 S⊕. Additional high-precision radial velocity measurements are needed to derive the planetary masses and bulk densities and to search for additional planets in the systems. Moreover, short-period Earth-sized planets orbiting around nearby M dwarfs are suitable targets for an atmospheric characterization with the James Webb Space Telescope through transmission and emission spectroscopy and phase-curve photometry.
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Exoplanets and Astrobiology
The search for life in the universe has been driven by recent discoveries of planets around other stars (known as exoplanets), becoming one of the most active fields in modern astrophysics. The growing number of new exoplanets discovered in recent years and the recent advance on the study of their atmospheres are not only providing new valuable
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