Grants related:
General
The general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present Universe, left imprinted inhomogeneities in the CMB temperature distribution, that are mathematically encoded in the so-called angular power spectrum. Initially, pioneering experiments like the COBE satellite (whose results deserved the Nobel Prize on Physics 2006) or the Tenerife CMB experiment demonstrated in the 90s that the level of anisotropy was about one part in a hundred thousands at angular scales of several degrees. Obtaining CMB maps at various frequencies with sufficient sensitivity to detect structures at this level is of fundamental importance to extract information on the power spectrum of primordial density fluctuations, to prove the existence of an inflationary period in the Early Universe and to establish the ultimate nature of the dark matter and dark energy. Recently, the WMAP satellite obtained CMB maps with unprecedented sensitivity that allowed to set restrictions on a large number of cosmological parameters.
The focus of this project is to undertake measurements at gradually higher angular resolutions and sensitivities, by using different experiments that have been operative from the Teide Observatory, like the Tenerife experiment, the IAC-Bartol experiment or the JBO-IAC interferometer. More recently, the Very Small Array interferometer performed observations between 1999 and 2008. At that time the COSMOSOMAS experiment was also operative, its goal having been not only the characterization of the primary CMB anisotropies but also the study and characterization of the Galactic foreground contamination. In more recent years the activity in this project has focused in the scientific exploitation of data from the Planck satellite, and in the development, operation and exploitation of the QUIJOTE experiment. Now that the Planck mission has been completed and finished, the activity is focused in the scientific exploitation of QUIJOTE, in the development of new instrumentation for QUIJOTE, and in in the development of new experiments that are being deployed or that will be deployed at the Teide Observatory: GroundBRID, STRIP, KISS and TMS.
Members
Results
- 6-7 june: XV QUIJOTE Scientific Meeting (IFCA, Santander)
- July: publication of the final results (12 articles) and data from the Planck satellite.
- 15-19 october: "CMB foregrounds for B-mode studies" conference, organised within the Radioforegrounds proyect, IV AME workshop, and XVI QUIJOTE Scientific Meeting (all these eventes were celebrated at the IAC)
- October: installation of the dome of the GroundBIRD experiment, at the Teide Observatory.
- December: aceptation of the third QUIJOTE scientific article (Poidevin et al. 2019)
Scientific activity
Related publications
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BibcodeFasano, A.; Macías-Pérez, J. F.; Benoit, A.; Aguiar, M.; Beelen, A.; Bideaud, A.; Bounmy, J.; Bourrion, O.; Bres, G.; Calvo, M.; Castro-Almazán, J. A.; Catalano, A.; de Bernardis, P.; De Petris, M.; de Taoro, A. P.; Fernández-Torreiro, M.; Garde, G.; Génova-Santos, R.; Gomez, A.; Gómez-Renasco, M. F.; Goupy, J.; Hoarau, C.; Hoyland, R.; Lagache, G.; Marpaud, J.; Marton, M.; Monfardini, A.; Peel, M. W.; Pisano, G.; Ponthieu, N.; Rebolo, R.; Roudier, S.; Rubiño-Martín, J. A.; Tourres, D.; Tucker, C.; Vescovi, C.Bibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Advertised on:122021JournalDescriptionContext. Wide-field spectrometers are needed to deal with current astrophysical challenges that require multiband observations at millimeter wavelengths. An example of these is the KIDs Interferometer Spectrum Survey (KISS), which uses two arrays of kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs) coupled to a Martin-Puplett interferometer (MPI). KISS has a wide instantaneous field of view (1 deg in diameter) and a spectral resolution of up to 1.45 GHz in the 120-180 GHz electromagnetic band. The instrument is installed on the 2.25 m Q-U-I JOint TEnerife telescope at the Teide Observatory (Tenerife, Canary Islands), at an altitude of 2395 m above sea level.
Aims: This work presents an original readout modulation method developed to improve the sky signal reconstruction accuracy for types of instruments for which a fast sampling frequency is required, both to remove atmospheric fluctuations and to perform full spectroscopic measurements on each sampled sky position.
Methods: We first demonstrate the feasibility of this technique using simulations. We then apply such a scheme to on-sky calibration.
Results: We show that the sky signal can be reconstructed to better than 0.5% for astrophysical sources, and to better than 2% for large background variations such as in "skydip", in an ideal noiseless scenario. The readout modulation method is validated by observations on-sky during the KISS commissioning campaign.
Conclusions: We conclude that accurate photometry can be obtained for future KID-based interferometry using the MPI.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
QUIJOTE CMB Experiment (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife CMB Experiment)QUIJOTE es un programa de dos telescopios y su batería de instrumentos, instalados en el Observatorio del Teide, dedicados fundamentalmente a la caracterización de la polarización del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas, en el rango de frecuencias de 10-42 GHz.
José AlbertoRubiño Martín -
BibcodePanopoulou, G. V.; Dickinson, C.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Pearson, T. J.; Peel, M. W.Bibliographical reference
The Astrophysical Journal
Advertised on:122021JournalDescriptionGalactic synchrotron emission exhibits large angular scale features known as radio spurs and loops. Determining the physical size of these structures is important for understanding the local interstellar structure and for modeling the Galactic magnetic field. However, the distance to these structures is either under debate or entirely unknown. We revisit a classical method of finding the location of radio spurs by comparing optical polarization angles with those of synchrotron emission as a function of distance. We consider three tracers of the magnetic field: stellar polarization, polarized synchrotron radio emission, and polarized thermal dust emission. We employ archival measurements of optical starlight polarization and Gaia distances and construct a new map of polarized synchrotron emission from WMAP and Planck data. We confirm that synchrotron, dust emission, and stellar polarization angles all show a statistically significant alignment at high Galactic latitude. We obtain distance limits to three regions toward Loop I of 112 ± 17 pc, 135 ± 20 pc, and <105 pc. Our results strongly suggest that the polarized synchrotron emission toward the North Polar Spur at b > 30° is local. This is consistent with the conclusions of earlier work based on stellar polarization and extinction, but in stark contrast with the Galactic center origin recently revisited on the basis of X-ray data. We also obtain a distance measurement toward part of Loop IV (180 ± 15 pc) and find evidence that its synchrotron emission arises from chance overlap of structures located at different distances. Future optical polarization surveys will allow the expansion of this analysis to other radio spurs.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López -
BibcodeDelabrouille, Jacques; Abitbol, Maximilian H.; Aghanim, Nabila; Ali-Haïmoud, Yacine; Alonso, David; Alvarez, Marcelo; Banday, Anthony J.; Bartlett, James G.; Baselmans, Jochem; Basu, Kaustuv; Battaglia, Nicholas; Climent, José Ramón Bermejo; Bernal, José L.; Béthermin, Matthieu; Bolliet, Boris; Bonato, Matteo; Bouchet, François R.; Breysse, Patrick C.; Burigana, Carlo; Cai, Zhen-Yi; Chluba, Jens; Churazov, Eugene; Dannerbauer, Helmut; De Bernardis, Paolo; De Zotti, Gianfranco; Di Valentino, Eleonora; Dimastrogiovanni, Emanuela; Endo, Akira; Erler, Jens; Ferraro, Simone; Finelli, Fabio; Fixsen, Dale; Hanany, Shaul; Hart, Luke; Hernández-Monteagudo, Carlos; Hill, J. Colin; Hotinli, Selim C.; Karatsu, Kenichi; Karkare, Kirit; Keating, Garrett K.; Khabibullin, Ildar; Kogut, Alan; Kohri, Kazunori; Kovetz, Ely D.; Lagache, Guilaine; Lesgourgues, Julien; Madhavacheril, Mathew; Maffei, Bruno; Mandolesi, Nazzareno; Martins, Carlos; Masi, Silvia; Mather, John; Melin, Jean-Baptiste; Dizgah, Azadeh Moradinezhad; Mroczkowski, Tony; Mukherjee, Suvodip; Nagai, Daisuke; Negrello, Mattia; Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie; Paoletti, Daniela; Patil, Subodh P.; Piacentini, Francesco; Raghunathan, Srinivasan; Ravenni, Andrea; Remazeilles, Mathieu; Revéret, Vincent; Rodriguez, Louis; Rotti, Aditya; Rubiño Martin, Jose-Alberto; Sayers, Jack; Scott, Douglas; Silk, Joseph; Silva, Marta; Souradeep, Tarun; Sugiyama, Naonori; Sunyaev, Rashid; Switzer, Eric R.; Tartari, Andrea; Trombetti, Tiziana; Zubeldia, ÍñigoBibliographical reference
Experimental Astronomy
Advertised on:62021JournalDescriptionThis paper discusses the science case for a sensitive spectro-polarimetric survey of the microwave sky. Such a survey would provide a tomographic and dynamic census of the three-dimensional distribution of hot gas, velocity flows, early metals, dust, and mass distribution in the entire Hubble volume, exploit CMB temperature and polarisation anisotropies down to fundamental limits, and track energy injection and absorption into the radiation background across cosmic times by measuring spectral distortions of the CMB blackbody emission. In addition to its exceptional capability for cosmology and fundamental physics, such a survey would provide an unprecedented view of microwave emissions at sub-arcminute to few-arcminute angular resolution in hundreds of frequency channels, a data set that would be of immense legacy value for many branches of astrophysics. We propose that this survey be carried out with a large space mission featuring a broad-band polarised imager and a moderate resolution spectro-imager at the focus of a 3.5 m aperture telescope actively cooled to about 8K, complemented with absolutely-calibrated Fourier Transform Spectrometer modules observing at degree-scale angular resolution in the 10-2000 GHz frequency range. We propose two observing modes: a survey mode to map the entire sky as well as a few selected wide fields, and an observatory mode for deeper observations of regions of specific interest.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
Molecular Gas and Dust in Galaxies Across Cosmic TimeTwo of the most fundamental questions in astrophysics are the conversion of molecular gas into stars and how this physical process is a function of environments on all scales, ranging from planetary systems, stellar clusters, galaxies to galaxy clusters. The main goal of this internal project is to get insight into the formation and evolution of
HelmutDannerbauer -
BibcodeBartlett, James G.; Alonso, David; Remazeilles, Mathieu; Melin, Jean-Baptiste; Basu, Kaustuv; Battaglia, Nicholas; Chluba, Jens; Churazov, Eugene; Delabrouille, Jacques; Erler, Jens; Ferraro, Simone; Hernández-Monteagudo, Carlos; Hill, J. Colin; Hotinli, Selim C.; Khabibullin, Ildar; Madhavacheril, Mathew; Mroczkowski, Tony; Nagai, Daisuke; Raghunathan, Srinivasan; Rubiño Martin, Jose Alberto; Sayers, Jack; Scott, Douglas; Sugiyama, Naonori; Sunyaev, Rashid; Zubeldia, ÍñigoBibliographical reference
Experimental Astronomy
Advertised on:62021JournalDescriptionThis Science White Paper, prepared in response to the ESA Voyage 2050 call for long-term mission planning, aims to describe the various science possibilities that can be realized with an L-class space observatory that is dedicated to the study of the interactions of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons with the cosmic web. Our aim is specifically to use the CMB as a backlight - and survey the gas, total mass, and stellar content of the entire observable Universe by means of analyzing the spatial and spectral distortions imprinted on it. These distortions result from two major processes that impact on CMB photons: scattering by free electrons and atoms (Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect in diverse forms, Rayleigh scattering, resonant scattering) and deflection by gravitational potential (lensing effect). Even though the list of topics collected in this White Paper is not exhaustive, it helps to illustrate the exceptional diversity of major scientific questions that can be addressed by a space mission that will reach an angular resolution of 1.5 arcmin (goal 1 arcmin), have an average sensitivity better than 1 μK-arcmin, and span the microwave frequency range from roughly 50 GHz to 1 THz. The current paper also highlights the synergy of our BACKLIGHT mission concept with several upcoming and proposed ground-based CMB experiments.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López -
BibcodeSilk, J.; Rubiño-Martin, J. A.; Rotti, A.; Remazeilles, M.; Ravenni, A.; Patil, S. P.; Mukherjee, S.; Maffei, B.; Mather, J.; Lesgourgues, J.; Kohri, K.; Kogut, A.; Hill, J. C.; Hernández-Monteagudo, C.; Hart, L.; Fixsen, D.; Finelli, F.; Dimastrogiovanni, E.; de Bernardis, P.; Delabrouille, J.; Burigana, C.; Basu, K.; Bolliet, B.; Ali-Haïmoud, Y.; Alvarez, M.; Abitbol, M. H.; Aghanim, N.; Chluba, J.; Sunyaev, R. A.; Switzer, E. R.Bibliographical reference
Experimental Astronomy
Advertised on:62021JournalDescriptionThis Voyage 2050 paper highlights the unique science opportunities using spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). CMB spectral distortions probe many processes throughout the history of the Universe, delivering novel information that complements past, present and future efforts with CMB anisotropy and large-scale structure studies. Precision spectroscopy, possible with existing technology, would not only provide key tests for processes expected within the cosmological standard model but also open an enormous discovery space to new physics. This offers unique scientific opportunities for furthering our understanding of inflation, recombination, reionization and structure formation as well as dark matter and particle physics. A dedicated experimental approach could open this new window to the early Universe in the decades to come, allowing us to turn the long-standing upper distortion limits obtained with COBE/FIRAS some 25 years ago into clear detections of the expected standard distortion signals and also challenge our current understanding of the laws of nature.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López -
BibcodeGuidi, F.; Rubiño-Martín, J. A.; Pelaez-Santos, A. E.; Génova-Santos, R. T.; Ashdown, M.; Barreiro, R. B.; Bilbao-Ahedo, J. D.; Harper, S. E.; Watson, R. A.Bibliographical reference
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Advertised on:112021DescriptionMap-making is an important step for the data analysis of cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. It consists of converting the data, which are typically a long, complex, and noisy collection of measurements, into a map, which is an image of the observed sky. We present in this paper a new map-making code named PICASSO (Polarization and Intensity CArtographer for Scanned Sky Observations), which was implemented to construct intensity and polarization maps from the Multi Frequency Instrument (MFI) of the QUIJOTE (Q-U-I Joint TEnerife) CMB polarization experiment. PICASSO is based on the destriping algorithm, and is suited to address specific issues of ground-based microwave observations, with a technique that allows the fit of a template function in the time domain, during the map-making step. This paper describes the PICASSO code, validating it with simulations and assessing its performance. For this purpose, we produced realistic simulations of the QUIJOTE-MFI survey of the northern sky (approximately ~20 000 deg2), and analysed the reconstructed maps with PICASSO, using real and harmonic space statistics. We show that, for this sky area, PICASSO is able to reconstruct, with high fidelity, the injected signal, recovering all the scales with ℓ > 10 in TT, EE, and BB. The signal error is better than 0.001 per cent at 20 < ℓ < 200. Finally, we validated some of the methods that will be applied to the real wide-survey data, like the detection of the CMB anisotropies via cross-correlation analyses. Despite that the implementation of PICASSO is specific for QUIJOTE-MFI data, it could be adapted to other experiments.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
QUIJOTE CMB Experiment (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife CMB Experiment)QUIJOTE es un programa de dos telescopios y su batería de instrumentos, instalados en el Observatorio del Teide, dedicados fundamentalmente a la caracterización de la polarización del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas, en el rango de frecuencias de 10-42 GHz.
José AlbertoRubiño Martín -
BibcodeFatigoni, S.; Radiconi, F.; Battistelli, E. S.; Murgia, M.; Carretti, E.; Castangia, P.; Concu, R.; de Bernardis, P.; Fritz, J.; Genova-Santos, R.; Govoni, F.; Guidi, F.; Lamagna, L.; Masi, S.; Melis, A.; Paladini, R.; Perez-Toledo, F. M.; Piacentini, F.; Poppi, S.; Rebolo, R.; Rubino-Martin, J. A.; Surcis, G.; Tarchi, A.; Vacca, V.Bibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Advertised on:72021JournalDescriptionContext. The Andromeda galaxy is the best-known large galaxy besides our own Milky Way. Several images and studies exist at all wavelengths from radio to hard X-ray. Nevertheless, only a few observations are available in the microwave range where its average radio emission reaches the minimum.
Aims: In this paper, we want to study the radio morphology of the galaxy, decouple thermal from nonthermal emission, and extract the star formation rate. We also aim to derive a complete catalog of radio sources for the mapped patch of sky.
Methods: We observed the Andromeda galaxy with the Sardinia Radio Telescope at 6.6 GHz with very high sensitivity and angular resolution, and an unprecedented sky coverage.
Results: Using new 6.6 GHz data and Effelsberg radio telescope ancillary data, we confirm that, globally, the spectral index is ∼0.7−0.8, while in the star forming regions it decreases to ∼0.5. By disentangling (gas) thermal and nonthermal emission, we find that at 6.6 GHz, thermal emission follows the distribution of HII regions around the ring. Nonthermal emission within the ring appears smoother and more uniform than thermal emission because of diffusion of the cosmic ray electrons away from their birthplaces. This causes the magnetic fields to appear almost constant in intensity. Furthermore, we calculated a map of the star formation rate based on the map of thermal emission. Integrating within a radius of Rmax = 15 kpc, we obtained a total star formation rate of 0.19 ± 0.01 M⊙ yr−1 in agreement with previous results in the literature. Finally, we correlated our radio data with infrared images of the Andromeda galaxy. We find an unexpectedly high correlation between nonthermal and mid-infrared data in the central region, with a correlation parameter r = 0.93. Finally, by computing the logarithmic 24μm/21cm ratio q24 μm, we find a decreasing trend with increasing galactocentric distance and an increasing dispersion. The logarithmic far-infrared-to-radio ratio is found to be 2.41 ± 0.04. Table A.1 and the 6.6 GHz SRT map are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/651/A98Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López -
BibcodeAddamo, G.; Ade, P. A. R.; Baccigalupi, C.; Baldini, A. M.; Battaglia, P. M.; Battistelli, E. S.; Baù, A.; de Bernardis, P.; Bersanelli, M.; Biasotti, M.; Boscaleri, A.; Caccianiga, B.; Caprioli, S.; Cavaliere, F.; Cei, F.; Cleary, K. A.; Columbro, F.; Coppi, G.; Coppolecchia, A.; Cuttaia, F.; D'Alessandro, G.; De Gasperis, G.; De Petris, M.; Fafone, V.; Farsian, F.; Ferrari Barusso, L.; Fontanelli, F.; Franceschet, C.; Gaier, T. C.; Galli, L.; Gatti, F.; Genova-Santos, R.; Gerbino, M.; Gervasi, M.; Ghigna, T.; Grosso, D.; Gruppuso, A.; Gualtieri, R.; Incardona, F.; Jones, M. E.; Kangaslahti, P.; Krachmalnicoff, N.; Lamagna, L.; Lattanzi, M.; López-Caraballo, C. H.; Lumia, M.; Mainini, R.; Maino, D.; Mandelli, S.; Maris, M.; Masi, S.; Matarrese, S.; May, A.; Mele, L.; Mena, P.; Mennella, A.; Molina, R.; Molinari, D.; Morgante, G.; Natale, U.; Nati, F.; Natoli, P.; Pagano, L.; Paiella, A.; Panico, F.; Paonessa, F.; Paradiso, S.; Passerini, A.; Perez-de-Taoro, M.; Peverini, O. A.; Pezzotta, F.; Piacentini, F.; Piccirillo, L.; Pisano, G.; Polenta, G.; Poletti, D.; Presta, G.; Realini, S.; Reyes, N.; Rocchi, A.; Rubino-Martin, J. A.; Sandri, M.; Sartor, S.; Schillaci, A.; Signorelli, G.; Siri, B.; Soria, M.; Spinella, F.; Tapia, V.; Tartari, A.; Taylor, A. C.; Terenzi, L.; Tomasi, M.; Tommasi, E.; Tucker, C.; Vaccaro, D.; Vigano, D. M.; Villa, F.; Virone, G.; Vittorio, N. et al.Bibliographical reference
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Advertised on:82021DescriptionThe measurement of the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation is one of the current frontiers in cosmology. In particular, the detection of the primordial divergence-free component of the polarization field, the B-mode, could reveal the presence of gravitational waves in the early Universe. The detection of such a component is at the moment the most promising technique to probe the inflationary theory describing the very early evolution of the Universe. We present the updated performance forecast of the Large Scale Polarization Explorer (LSPE), a program dedicated to the measurement of the CMB polarization. LSPE is composed of two instruments: LSPE-Strip, a radiometer-based telescope on the ground in Tenerife-Teide observatory, and LSPE-SWIPE (Short-Wavelength Instrument for the Polarization Explorer) a bolometer-based instrument designed to fly on a winter arctic stratospheric long-duration balloon. The program is among the few dedicated to observation of the Northern Hemisphere, while most of the international effort is focused into ground-based observation in the Southern Hemisphere. Measurements are currently scheduled in Winter 2022/23 for LSPE-SWIPE, with a flight duration up to 15 days, and in Summer 2022 with two years observations for LSPE-Strip. We describe the main features of the two instruments, identifying the most critical aspects of the design, in terms of impact on the performance forecast. We estimate the expected sensitivity of each instrument and propagate their combined observing power to the sensitivity to cosmological parameters, including the effect of scanning strategy, component separation, residual foregrounds and partial sky coverage. We also set requirements on the control of the most critical systematic effects and describe techniques to mitigate their impact. LSPE will reach a sensitivity in tensor-to-scalar ratio of σr < 0.01, set an upper limit r < 0.015 at 95% confidence level, and improve constraints on other cosmological parameters.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
QUIJOTE CMB Experiment (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife CMB Experiment)QUIJOTE es un programa de dos telescopios y su batería de instrumentos, instalados en el Observatorio del Teide, dedicados fundamentalmente a la caracterización de la polarización del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas, en el rango de frecuencias de 10-42 GHz.
José AlbertoRubiño Martín -
BibcodeLee, K.; Génova-Santos, R. T.; Hazumi, M.; Honda, S.; Kutsuma, H.; Oguri, S.; Otani, C.; Peel, M. W.; Sueno, Y.; Suzuki, J.; Tajima, O.; Won, E.Bibliographical reference
The Astrophysical Journal
Advertised on:72021JournalDescriptionWe compute the expected sensitivity on measurements of optical depth to reionization for a ground-based experiment at Teide Observatory. We simulate polarized partial sky maps for the GroundBIRD experiment at the frequencies 145 and 220 GHz. We perform fits for the simulated maps with our pixel-based likelihood to extract the optical depth to reionization. The noise levels of polarization maps are estimated as 110 $\mu {\rm{K}}\,\mathrm{arcmin}$ and 780 $\mu {\rm{K}}\,\mathrm{arcmin}$ for 145 and 220 GHz, respectively, by assuming a three-year observing campaign and sky coverages of 0.537 for 145 GHz and 0.462 for 220 GHz. Our sensitivities for the optical depth to reionization are found to be στ = 0.030 with the simulated GroundBIRD maps, and στ = 0.012 by combining with the simulated QUIJOTE maps at 11, 13, 17, 19, 30, and 40 GHz.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López -
BibcodeBermejo-Climent, José Ramón; Ballardini, Mario; Finelli, Fabio; Paoletti, Daniela; Maartens, Roy; Rubiño-Martín, José Alberto; Valenziano, LucaBibliographical reference
Physical Review D
Advertised on:52021JournalDescriptionThe cross-correlation between the cosmic microwave background (CMB) fields and matter tracers carries important cosmological information. In this paper, we forecast by a signal-to-noise ratio analysis the information contained in the cross-correlation of the CMB anisotropy fields with source counts for future cosmological observations and its impact on cosmological parameters uncertainties, using a joint tomographic analysis. We include temperature, polarization, and lensing for the CMB fields and galaxy number counts for the matter tracers. We consider Planck-like, the Simons Observatory, LiteBIRD, and CMB-S4 specifications for CMB, and Euclid-like, Vera C. Rubin Observatory, SPHEREx, EMU, and SKA1 for future galaxy surveys. We restrict ourselves to quasilinear scales in order to deliver results that are free as much as possible from the uncertainties in modeling nonlinearities. We forecast by a Fisher matrix formalism the relative importance of the cross-correlation of source counts with the CMB in the constraints on the parameters for several cosmological models. We obtain that the CMB-number counts cross-correlation can improve the dark energy figure of merit (FOM) at most up to a factor ∼2 for LiteBIRD +CMB -S 4 ×SKA 1 compared to the uncorrelated combination of both probes and will enable the Euclid-like photometric survey to reach the highest FOM among those considered here. We also forecast how CMB-galaxy clustering cross-correlation could increase the FOM of the neutrino sector, also enabling a statistically significant (≳3 σ for LiteBIRD +CMB -S 4 ×SPHERE x ) detection of the minimal neutrino mass allowed in a normal hierarchy by using quasilinear scales only. Analogously, we find that the uncertainty in the local primordial non-Gaussianity could be as low as σ (fNL)∼1.5 - 2 by using two-point statistics only with the combination of CMB and radio surveys, such as EMU and SKA1. Further, we quantify how cross-correlation will help characterizing the galaxy bias. Our results highlight the additional constraining power of the cross-correlation between CMB and galaxy clustering from future surveys, which is mainly based on quasilinear scales and therefore, sufficiently robust to nonlinear effects.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
Cosmology with Large Scale Structure ProbesThe Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) contains the statistical information about the early seeds of the structure formation in our Universe. Its natural counterpart in the local universe is the distribution of galaxies that arises as a result of gravitational growth of those primordial and small density fluctuations. The characterization of the
FRANCISCO SHUKITAURA JOYANES -
BibcodeCepeda-Arroita, R.; Harper, S. E.; Dickinson, C.; Rubiño-Martín, J. A.; Génova-Santos, R. T.; Taylor, Angela C.; Pearson, T. J.; Ashdown, M.; Barr, A.; Barreiro, R. B.; Casaponsa, B.; Casas, F. J.; Chiang, H. C.; Fernandez-Cobos, R.; Grumitt, R. D. P.; Guidi, F.; Heilgendorff, H. M.; Herranz, D.; Jew, L. R. P.; Jonas, J. L.; Jones, Michael E.; Lasenby, A.; Leech, J.; Leahy, J. P.; Martínez-González, E.; Peel, M. W.; Piccirillo, L.; Poidevin, F.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Rebolo, R.; Ruiz-Granados, B.; Sievers, J.; Vansyngel, F.; Vielva, P.; Watson, R. A.Bibliographical reference
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Advertised on:52021DescriptionAnomalous Microwave Emission (AME) is a significant component of Galactic diffuse emission in the frequency range 10- $60\, \mathrm{GHz}$ and a new window into the properties of sub-nanometre-sized grains in the interstellar medium. We investigate the morphology of AME in the ≍10○ diameter λ Orionis ring by combining intensity data from the QUIJOTE experiment at 11, 13, 17, and $19\, \mathrm{GHz}$ and the C-Band All Sky Survey (C-BASS) at $4.76\, \mathrm{GHz}$ , together with 19 ancillary data sets between 1.42 and $3000\, \mathrm{GHz}$ . Maps of physical parameters at 1○ resolution are produced through Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) fits of spectral energy distributions (SEDs), approximating the AME component with a lognormal distribution. AME is detected in excess of $20\, \sigma$ at degree-scales around the entirety of the ring along photodissociation regions (PDRs), with three primary bright regions containing dark clouds. A radial decrease is observed in the AME peak frequency from $\approx 35\, \mathrm{GHz}$ near the free-free region to $\approx 21\, \mathrm{GHz}$ in the outer regions of the ring, which is the first detection of AME spectral variations across a single region. A strong correlation between AME peak frequency, emission measure and dust temperature is an indication for the dependence of the AME peak frequency on the local radiation field. The AME amplitude normalized by the optical depth is also strongly correlated with the radiation field, giving an overall picture consistent with spinning dust where the local radiation field plays a key role.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
QUIJOTE CMB Experiment (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife CMB Experiment)QUIJOTE es un programa de dos telescopios y su batería de instrumentos, instalados en el Observatorio del Teide, dedicados fundamentalmente a la caracterización de la polarización del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas, en el rango de frecuencias de 10-42 GHz.
José AlbertoRubiño Martín
Formation and Evolution of Galaxies: Observations in Infrared and other WavelengthsThis IAC research group carries out several extragalactic projects in different spectral ranges, using space as well as ground-based telescopes, to study the cosmological evolution of galaxies and the origin of nuclear activity in active galaxies. The group is a member of the international consortium which built the SPIRE instrument for the
IsmaelPérez Fournon -
BibcodePerrott, Yvette C.; López-Caniego, Marcos; Génova-Santos, Ricardo T.; Rubiño-Martín, Jose Alberto; Ashdown, Mark; Herranz, Diego; Lähteenmäki, Anne; Lasenby, Anthony N.; López-Caraballo, Carlos H.; Poidevin, Frédérick; Tornikoski, MerjaBibliographical reference
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Advertised on:42021DescriptionWe observed 51 sources in the Q-U-I JOint TEnerife (QUIJOTE) cosmological fields that were brighter than 1 Jy at 30 GHz in the Planck Point Source Catalogue (version 1), with the Very Large Array at 28-40 GHz, in order to characterize their high-radio-frequency variability and polarization properties. We find a roughly lognormal distribution of polarization fractions with a median of 2 per cent, in agreement with previous studies, and a median rotation measure (RM) of ≍1110 rad m-2 with one outlier up to ≍64 000 rad m-2, which is among the highest RMs measured in quasar cores. We find hints of a correlation between the total intensity flux density and median polarization fraction. We find 59 per cent of sources are variable in total intensity, and 100 per cent in polarization at 3σ level, with no apparent correlation between total intensity variability and polarization variability. This indicates that it will be difficult to model these sources without simultaneous polarimetric monitoring observations and they will need to be masked for cosmological analysis.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
QUIJOTE CMB Experiment (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife CMB Experiment)QUIJOTE es un programa de dos telescopios y su batería de instrumentos, instalados en el Observatorio del Teide, dedicados fundamentalmente a la caracterización de la polarización del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas, en el rango de frecuencias de 10-42 GHz.
José AlbertoRubiño Martín
Formation and Evolution of Galaxies: Observations in Infrared and other WavelengthsThis IAC research group carries out several extragalactic projects in different spectral ranges, using space as well as ground-based telescopes, to study the cosmological evolution of galaxies and the origin of nuclear activity in active galaxies. The group is a member of the international consortium which built the SPIRE instrument for the
IsmaelPérez Fournon -
BibcodeSchmidt, Tobias M.; Molaro, Paolo; Murphy, Michael T.; Lovis, Christophe; Cupani, Guido; Cristiani, Stefano; Pepe, Francesco A.; Rebolo, Rafael; Santos, Nuno C.; Abreu, Manuel; Adibekyan, Vardan; Alibert, Yann; Aliverti, Matteo; Allart, Romain; Allende Prieto, Carlos; Alves, David; Baldini, Veronica; Broeg, Christopher; Cabral, Alexandre; Calderone, Giorgio; Cirami, Roberto; Coelho, João; Coretti, Igor; D'Odorico, Valentina; Di Marcantonio, Paolo; Ehrenreich, David; Figueira, Pedro; Genoni, Matteo; Génova Santos, Ricardo; González Hernández, Jonay I.; Kerber, Florian; Landoni, Marco; Leite, Ana C. O.; Lizon, Jean-Louis; Lo Curto, Gaspare; Manescau, Antonio; Martins, Carlos J. A. P.; Megévand, Denis; Mehner, Andrea; Micela, Giuseppina; Modigliani, Andrea; Monteiro, Manuel; Monteiro, Mario J. P. F. G.; Mueller, Eric; Nunes, Nelson J.; Oggioni, Luca; Oliveira, António; Pariani, Giorgio; Pasquini, Luca; Redaelli, Edoardo; Riva, Marco; Santos, Pedro; Sosnowska, Danuta; Sousa, Sérgio G.; Sozzetti, Alessandro; Suárez Mascareño, Alejandro; Udry, Stéphane; Zapatero Osorio, Maria-Rosa; Zerbi, FilippoBibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Advertised on:22021JournalDescriptionObservations of metal absorption systems in the spectra of distant quasars allow one to constrain a possible variation of the fine-structure constant throughout the history of the Universe. Such a test poses utmost demands on the wavelength accuracy and previous studies were limited by systematics in the spectrograph wavelength calibration. A substantial advance in the field is therefore expected from the new ultra-stable high-resolution spectrograph ESPRESSO, which was recently installed at the VLT. In preparation of the fundamental physics related part of the ESPRESSO GTO program, we present a thorough assessment of the ESPRESSO wavelength accuracy and identify possible systematics at each of the different steps involved in the wavelength calibration process. Most importantly, we compare the default wavelength solution, which is based on the combination of Thorium-Argon arc lamp spectra and a Fabry-Pérot interferometer, to the fully independent calibration obtained from a laser frequency comb. We find wavelength-dependent discrepancies of up to 24 m s-1. This substantially exceeds the photon noise and highlights the presence of different sources of systematics, which we characterize in detail as part of this study. Nevertheless, our study demonstrates the outstanding accuracy of ESPRESSO with respect to previously used spectrographs and we show that constraints of a relative change of the fine-structure constant at the 10-6 level can be obtained with ESPRESSO without being limited by wavelength calibration systematics.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
Very Low Mass Stars, Brown Dwarfs and PlanetsOur goal is to study the processes that lead to the formation of low mass stars, brown dwarfs and planets and to characterize the physical properties of these objects in various evolutionary stages. Low mass stars and brown dwarfs are likely the most numerous type of objects in our Galaxy but due to their low intrinsic luminosity they are not so
RafaelRebolo López
Chemical Abundances in StarsStellar spectroscopy allows us to determine the properties and chemical compositions of stars. From this information for stars of different ages in the Milky Way, it is possible to reconstruct the chemical evolution of the Galaxy, as well as the origin of the elements heavier than boron, created mainly in stellar interiors. It is also possible to
CarlosAllende Prieto -
BibcodeGénova-Santos, Ricardo TanausúBibliographical reference
Reviews in Frontiers of Modern Astrophysics; From Space Debris to Cosmology
Advertised on:62020DescriptionOver the last decades, observations with increasing quality have revolutionized our understanding of the general properties of the Universe. Questions posed for millenia by mankind about the origin, evolution and structure of the cosmos have found an answer. This has been possible mainly thanks to observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background, of the large-scale distribution of matter structure in the local Universe, and of type Ia supernovae that have revealed the accelerated expansion of the Universe. All these observations have successfully converged into the so-called "concordance model". In spite of all these observational successes, there are still some important open problems, the most obvious of which are what generated the initial matter inhomogeneities that led to the structure observable in today's Universe, and what is the nature of dark matter, and of the dark energy that drives the accelerated expansion. In this chapter I will expand on the previous aspects. I will present a general description of the Standard Cosmological Model of the Universe, with special emphasis on the most recent observations that have allowed to establish this model. I will also discuss the shortfalls of this model, its most pressing open questions, and will briefly describe the observational programmes that are being planned to tackle these issues.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López -
BibcodeLamagna, L.; Addamo, G.; Ade, P. A. R.; Baccigalupi, C.; Baldini, A. M.; Battaglia, P. M.; Battistelli, E.; Baù, A.; Bersanelli, M.; Biasotti, M.; Boragno, C.; Boscaleri, A.; Caccianiga, B.; Caprioli, S.; Cavaliere, F.; Cei, F.; Cleary, K. A.; Columbro, F.; Coppi, G.; Coppolecchia, A.; Corsini, D.; Cuttaia, F.; D'Alessandro, G.; de Bernardis, P.; De Gasperis, G.; De Petris, M.; Torto, F. Del; Fafone, V.; Farooqui, Z.; Farsian, F.; Fontanelli, F.; Franceschet, C.; Gaier, T. C.; Gatti, F.; Genova-Santos, R.; Gervasi, M.; Ghigna, T.; Grassi, M.; Grosso, D.; Incardona, F.; Jones, M.; Kangaslahti, P.; Krachmalnicoff, N.; Mainini, R.; Maino, D.; Mandelli, S.; Maris, M.; Masi, S.; Matarrese, S.; May, A.; Mena, P.; Mennella, A.; Molina, R.; Molinari, D.; Morgante, G.; Nati, F.; Natoli, P.; Pagano, L.; Paiella, A.; Paonessa, F.; Passerini, A.; Perez-de-Taoro, M.; Peverini, O. A.; Pezzotta, F.; Piacentini, F.; Piccirillo, L.; Pisano, G.; Polastri, L.; Polenta, G.; Poletti, D.; Presta, G.; Realini, S.; Reyes, N.; Rocchi, A.; Rubino-Martin, J. A.; Sandri, M.; Sartor, S.; Schillaci, A.; Signorelli, G.; Soria, M.; Spinella, F.; Tapia, V.; Tartari, A.; Taylor, A.; Terenzi, L.; Tomasi, M.; Tommasi, E.; Tucker, C.; Vaccaro, D.; Vigano, D. M.; Villa, F.; Virone, G.; Vittorio, N.; Volpe, A.; Watkins, B.; Zacchei, A.; Zannoni, M.Bibliographical reference
Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Advertised on:42020DescriptionThe large-scale polarization explorer (LSPE) is a cosmology program for the measurement of large-scale curl-like features (B-modes) in the polarization of the cosmic microwave background. Its goal is to constrain the background of inflationary gravity waves traveling through the universe at the time of matter-radiation decoupling. The two instruments of LSPE are meant to synergically operate by covering a large portion of the northern microwave sky. LSPE/STRIP is a coherent array of receivers planned to be operated from the Teide Observatory in Tenerife, for the control and characterization of the low-frequency polarized signals of galactic origin; LSPE/SWIPE is a balloon-borne bolometric polarimeter based on 330 large throughput multi-moded detectors, designed to measure the CMB polarization at 150 GHz and to monitor the polarized emission by galactic dust above 200 GHz. The combined performance and the expected level of systematics mitigation will allow LSPE to constrain primordial B-modes down to a tensor/scalar ratio of 10-2. We here report the status of the STRIP pre-commissioning phase and the progress in the characterization of the key subsystems of the SWIPE payload (namely the cryogenic polarization modulation unit and the multi-moded TES pixels) prior to receiver integration.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
QUIJOTE CMB Experiment (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife CMB Experiment)QUIJOTE es un programa de dos telescopios y su batería de instrumentos, instalados en el Observatorio del Teide, dedicados fundamentalmente a la caracterización de la polarización del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas, en el rango de frecuencias de 10-42 GHz.
José AlbertoRubiño Martín -
BibcodeSugai, H.; Ade, P. A. R.; Akiba, Y.; Alonso, D.; Arnold, K.; Aumont, J.; Austermann, J.; Baccigalupi, C.; Banday, A. J.; Banerji, R.; Barreiro, R. B.; Basak, S.; Beall, J.; Beckman, S.; Bersanelli, M.; Borrill, J.; Boulanger, F.; Brown, M. L.; Bucher, M.; Buzzelli, A.; Calabrese, E.; Casas, F. J.; Challinor, A.; Chan, V.; Chinone, Y.; Cliche, J. -F.; Columbro, F.; Cukierman, A.; Curtis, D.; Danto, P.; de Bernardis, P.; de Haan, T.; De Petris, M.; Dickinson, C.; Dobbs, M.; Dotani, T.; Duband, L.; Ducout, A.; Duff, S.; Duivenvoorden, A.; Duval, J. -M.; Ebisawa, K.; Elleflot, T.; Enokida, H.; Eriksen, H. K.; Errard, J.; Essinger-Hileman, T.; Finelli, F.; Flauger, R.; Franceschet, C.; Fuskeland, U.; Ganga, K.; Gao, J. -R.; Génova-Santos, R.; Ghigna, T.; Gomez, A.; Gradziel, M. L.; Grain, J.; Grupp, F.; Gruppuso, A.; Gudmundsson, J. E.; Halverson, N. W.; Hargrave, P.; Hasebe, T.; Hasegawa, M.; Hattori, M.; Hazumi, M.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Herranz, D.; Hill, C.; Hilton, G.; Hirota, Y.; Hivon, E.; Hlozek, R.; Hoang, D. -T.; Hubmayr, J.; Ichiki, K.; Iida, T.; Imada, H.; Ishimura, K.; Ishino, H.; Jaehnig, G. C.; Jones, M.; Kaga, T.; Kashima, S.; Kataoka, Y.; Katayama, N.; Kawasaki, T.; Keskitalo, R.; Kibayashi, A.; Kikuchi, T.; Kimura, K.; Kisner, T.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kogiso, N.; Kogut, A.; Kohri, K.; Komatsu, E.; Komatsu, K.; Konishi, K. et al.Bibliographical reference
Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Advertised on:12020DescriptionRecent developments of transition-edge sensors (TESs), based on extensive experience in ground-based experiments, have been making the sensor techniques mature enough for their application on future satellite cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiments. LiteBIRD is in the most advanced phase among such future satellites, targeting its launch in Japanese Fiscal Year 2027 (2027FY) with JAXA's H3 rocket. It will accommodate more than 4000 TESs in focal planes of reflective low-frequency and refractive medium-and-high-frequency telescopes in order to detect a signature imprinted on the CMB by the primordial gravitational waves predicted in cosmic inflation. The total wide frequency coverage between 34 and 448 GHz enables us to extract such weak spiral polarization patterns through the precise subtraction of our Galaxy's foreground emission by using spectral differences among CMB and foreground signals. Telescopes are cooled down to 5 K for suppressing thermal noise and contain polarization modulators with transmissive half-wave plates at individual apertures for separating sky polarization signals from artificial polarization and for mitigating from instrumental 1/f noise. Passive cooling by using V-grooves supports active cooling with mechanical coolers as well as adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators. Sky observations from the second Sun-Earth Lagrangian point, L2, are planned for 3 years. An international collaboration between Japan, the USA, Canada, and Europe is sharing various roles. In May 2019, the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, JAXA, selected LiteBIRD as the strategic large mission No. 2.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
QUIJOTE CMB Experiment (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife CMB Experiment)QUIJOTE es un programa de dos telescopios y su batería de instrumentos, instalados en el Observatorio del Teide, dedicados fundamentalmente a la caracterización de la polarización del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas, en el rango de frecuencias de 10-42 GHz.
José AlbertoRubiño Martín -
BibcodePlanck Collaboration; Akrami, Y.; Ashdown, M.; Aumont, J.; Baccigalupi, C.; Ballardini, M.; Banday, A. J.; Barreiro, R. B.; Bartolo, N.; Basak, S.; Benabed, K.; Bernard, J. -P.; Bersanelli, M.; Bielewicz, P.; Bond, J. R.; Borrill, J.; Bouchet, F. R.; Burigana, C.; Calabrese, E.; Cardoso, J. -F.; Casaponsa, B.; Chiang, H. C.; Combet, C.; Contreras, D.; Crill, B. P.; Cuttaia, F.; de Bernardis, P.; de Rosa, A.; de Zotti, G.; Delabrouille, J.; Di Valentino, E.; Diego, J. M.; Doré, O.; Douspis, M.; Dupac, X.; Enßlin, T. A.; Eriksen, H. K.; Fernandez-Cobos, R.; Finelli, F.; Frailis, M.; Franceschi, E.; Frolov, A.; Galeotta, S.; Galli, S.; Ganga, K.; Génova-Santos, R. T.; Gerbino, M.; González-Nuevo, J.; Górski, K. M.; Gruppuso, A.; Gudmundsson, J. E.; Handley, W.; Herranz, D.; Hivon, E.; Huang, Z.; Jaffe, A. H.; Jones, W. C.; Keihänen, E.; Keskitalo, R.; Kiiveri, K.; Kim, J.; Kisner, T. S.; Krachmalnicoff, N.; Kunz, M.; Kurki-Suonio, H.; Lamarre, J. -M.; Lattanzi, M.; Lawrence, C. R.; Le Jeune, M.; Levrier, F.; Liguori, M.; Lilje, P. B.; Lindholm, V.; López-Caniego, M.; Macías-Pérez, J. F.; Maino, D.; Mandolesi, N.; Marcos-Caballero, A.; Maris, M.; Martin, P. G.; Martínez-González, E.; Matarrese, S.; Mauri, N.; McEwen, J. D.; Mennella, A.; Migliaccio, M.; Molinari, D.; Moneti, A.; Montier, L.; Morgante, G.; Moss, A.; Natoli, P.; Pagano, L.; Paoletti, D.; Perrotta, F.; Pettorino, V.; Piacentini, F.; Polenta, G.; Rachen, J. P.; Reinecke, M. et al.Bibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Advertised on:122020JournalDescriptionThe largest temperature anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the dipole, which has been measured with increasing accuracy for more than three decades, particularly with the Planck satellite. The simplest interpretation of the dipole is that it is due to our motion with respect to the rest frame of the CMB. Since current CMB experiments infer temperature anisotropies from angular intensity variations, the dipole modulates the temperature anisotropies with the same frequency dependence as the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect. We present the first, and significant, detection of this signal in the tSZ maps and find that it is consistent with direct measurements of the CMB dipole, as expected. The signal contributes power in the tSZ maps, which is modulated in a quadrupolar pattern, and we estimate its contribution to the tSZ bispectrum, noting that it contributes negligible noise to the bispectrum at relevant scales.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
Cosmology with Large Scale Structure ProbesThe Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) contains the statistical information about the early seeds of the structure formation in our Universe. Its natural counterpart in the local universe is the distribution of galaxies that arises as a result of gravitational growth of those primordial and small density fluctuations. The characterization of the
FRANCISCO SHUKITAURA JOYANES -
BibcodePlanck Collaboration; Akrami, Y.; Andersen, K. J.; Ashdown, M.; Baccigalupi, C.; Ballardini, M.; Banday, A. J.; Barreiro, R. B.; Bartolo, N.; Basak, S.; Benabed, K.; Bernard, J. -P.; Bersanelli, M.; Bielewicz, P.; Bond, J. R.; Borrill, J.; Burigana, C.; Butler, R. C.; Calabrese, E.; Casaponsa, B.; Chiang, H. C.; Colombo, L. P. L.; Combet, C.; Crill, B. P.; Cuttaia, F.; de Bernardis, P.; de Rosa, A.; de Zotti, G.; Delabrouille, J.; Di Valentino, E.; Diego, J. M.; Doré, O.; Douspis, M.; Dupac, X.; Eriksen, H. K.; Fernandez-Cobos, R.; Finelli, F.; Frailis, M.; Fraisse, A. A.; Franceschi, E.; Frolov, A.; Galeotta, S.; Galli, S.; Ganga, K.; Gerbino, M.; Ghosh, T.; González-Nuevo, J.; Górski, K. M.; Gruppuso, A.; Gudmundsson, J. E.; Handley, W.; Helou, G.; Herranz, D.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Hivon, E.; Huang, Z.; Jaffe, A. H.; Jones, W. C.; Keihänen, E.; Keskitalo, R.; Kiiveri, K.; Kim, J.; Kisner, T. S.; Krachmalnicoff, N.; Kunz, M.; Kurki-Suonio, H.; Lasenby, A.; Lattanzi, M.; Lawrence, C. R.; Le Jeune, M.; Levrier, F.; Liguori, M.; Lilje, P. B.; Lilley, M.; Lindholm, V.; López-Caniego, M.; Lubin, P. M.; Macías-Pérez, J. F.; Maino, D.; Mandolesi, N.; Marcos-Caballero, A.; Maris, M.; Martin, P. G.; Martínez-González, E.; Matarrese, S.; Mauri, N.; McEwen, J. D.; Meinhold, P. R.; Mennella, A.; Migliaccio, M.; Mitra, S.; Molinari, D.; Montier, L.; Morgante, G.; Moss, A.; Natoli, P.; Paoletti, D.; Partridge, B.; Patanchon, G.; Pearson, D. et al.Bibliographical reference
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Advertised on:112020JournalDescriptionWe present the NPIPE processing pipeline, which produces calibrated frequency maps in temperature and polarization from data from the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) and High Frequency Instrument (HFI) using high-performance computers. NPIPE represents a natural evolution of previous Planck analysis efforts, and combines some of the most powerful features of the separate LFI and HFI analysis pipelines. For example, following the LFI 2018 processing procedure, NPIPE uses foreground polarization priors during the calibration stage in order to break scanning-induced degeneracies. Similarly, NPIPE employs the HFI 2018 time-domain processing methodology to correct for bandpass mismatch at all frequencies. In addition, NPIPE introduces several improvements, including, but not limited to: inclusion of the 8% of data collected during repointing manoeuvres; smoothing of the LFI reference load data streams; in-flight estimation of detector polarization parameters; and construction of maximally independent detector-set split maps. For component-separation purposes, important improvements include: maps that retain the CMB Solar dipole, allowing for high-precision relative calibration in higher-level analyses; well-defined single-detector maps, allowing for robust CO extraction; and HFI temperature maps between 217 and 857 GHz that are binned into 0'.9 pixels (Nside = 4096), ensuring that the full angular information in the data is represented in the maps even at the highest Planck resolutions. The net effect of these improvements is lower levels of noise and systematics in both frequency and component maps at essentially all angular scales, as well as notably improved internal consistency between the various frequency channels. Based on the NPIPE maps, we present the first estimate of the Solar dipole determined through component separation across all nine Planck frequencies. The amplitude is (3366.6 ± 2.7) μK, consistent with, albeit slightly higher than, earlier estimates. From the large-scale polarization data, we derive an updated estimate of the optical depth of reionization of τ = 0.051 ± 0.006, which appears robust with respect to data and sky cuts. There are 600 complete signal, noise and systematics simulations of the full-frequency and detector-set maps. As a Planck first, these simulations include full time-domain processing of the beam-convolved CMB anisotropies. The release of NPIPE maps and simulations is accompanied with a complete suite of raw and processed time-ordered data and the software, scripts, auxiliary data, and parameter files needed to improve further on the analysis and to run matching simulations.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López -
BibcodeNashimoto, Masashi; Hattori, Makoto; Poidevin, Frédérick; Génova-Santos, RicardoBibliographical reference
The Astrophysical Journal
Advertised on:92020JournalDescriptionWe have shown that the thermal emission of the amorphous dust composed of amorphous silicate dust (a-Si) and amorphous carbon dust (a-C) provides an excellent fit both to the observed intensity and the polarization spectra of molecular clouds. The anomalous microwave emission (AME) originates from the resonance transition of the two-level systems attributed to the a-C with an almost spherical shape. On the other hand, the observed polarized emission in submillimeter wave bands is coming from a-Si. By taking into account a-C, the model prediction of the polarization fraction of the AME is reduced dramatically. Our model prediction of the 3σ lower limits of the polarization fraction of the Perseus and W 43 molecular clouds at 17 GHz are 8.129 × 10-5 and 8.012 × 10-6, respectively. The temperature dependence of the heat capacity of a-C shows the peculiar behavior compared with that of a-Si. So far, the properties of a-C are unique to interstellar dust grains. Therefore, we coin our dust model as the cosmic amorphous dust model.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
Formation and Evolution of Galaxies: Observations in Infrared and other WavelengthsThis IAC research group carries out several extragalactic projects in different spectral ranges, using space as well as ground-based telescopes, to study the cosmological evolution of galaxies and the origin of nuclear activity in active galaxies. The group is a member of the international consortium which built the SPIRE instrument for the
IsmaelPérez Fournon -
BibcodeLee, K.; Choi, J.; Génova-Santos, R. T.; Hattori, M.; Hazumi, M.; Honda, S.; Ikemitsu, T.; Ishida, H.; Ishitsuka, H.; Jo, Y.; Karatsu, K.; Kiuchi, K.; Komine, J.; Koyano, R.; Kutsuma, H.; Mima, S.; Minowa, M.; Moon, J.; Nagai, M.; Nagasaki, T.; Naruse, M.; Oguri, S.; Otani, C.; Peel, M.; Rebolo, R.; Rubiño-Martín, J. A.; Sekimoto, Y.; Suzuki, J.; Taino, T.; Tajima, O.; Tomita, N.; Uchida, T.; Won, E.; Yoshida, M.Bibliographical reference
Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Advertised on:82020DescriptionGroundBIRD is a ground-based experiment for a precise observation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarizations. To achieve high sensitivity at large angular scales, we adopt three features in this experiment: fast rotation scanning, microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID), and cold optics. The rotation scanning strategy has the advantage to suppress 1/f noise. It also provides a large sky coverage of 40%, which corresponds to the large angular scales of l ∼6 . This allows us to constrain the tensor-to-scalar ratio by using low l B-mode spectrum. The focal plane consists of 7 MKID arrays for two target frequencies, 145 GHz and 220 GHz band. There are 161 pixels in total, of which 138 are for 145 GHz and 23 are for 220 GHz. This array is currently under development, and the prototype will soon be evaluated in telescope. The GroundBIRD telescope will observe the CMB at the Teide observatory. The telescope was moved from Japan to Tenerife and is now under test. We present the status and plan of the GroundBIRD experiment.Related projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave BackgroundThe general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
QUIJOTE CMB Experiment (Q-U-I JOint TEnerife CMB Experiment)QUIJOTE es un programa de dos telescopios y su batería de instrumentos, instalados en el Observatorio del Teide, dedicados fundamentalmente a la caracterización de la polarización del Fondo Cósmico de Microondas, en el rango de frecuencias de 10-42 GHz.
José AlbertoRubiño Martín
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DescriptionRelated projects
Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background
The general goal of this project is to determine and characterize the spatial and spectral variations in the temperature and polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background in angular scales from several arcminutes to several degrees. The primordial matter density fluctuations which originated the structure in the matter distribution of the present
RafaelRebolo López
IAC participation in the HERSCHEL AND PLANCK SURVEYOR space missions. Since 1996 the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias has been a contributor to the concept and development processes for the scientific payload of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Herschel Space Observatory and Planck Surveyor missions.
