Exoplanetas y Astrobiología

    General
    Descripción

    La búsqueda de vida en el Universo se ha visto impulsada por los recientes descubrimientos de planetas alrededor de otras estrellas (los llamados exoplanetas), convirtiéndose en uno de los campos más activos dentro de la Astrofísica moderna. En los últimos años los descubrimientos cada vez más numerosos de nuevos exoplanetas y los últimos avances en el estudio de sus atmósferas no sólo están dándonos valiosa nueva información sobre sus propiedades físicas, sino que nos están permitiendo además poner las propiedades de los planetas de nuestro Sistema Solar dentro un contexto más global. El campo esta acercándose al importante descubrimiento de los primeros planetas potencialmente habitables, impulsando estudios más detallados de estos planetas. Con el lanzamiento de las nuevas misiones como JWST, CHEOPS, TESS, ARIEL o PLATO, al campo de exoplanetas se le plantea un futuro muy excitante.

    Es por esta razon que este campo se ayuda de y, a su vez motiva, el desarrollo de instrumentación cada vez más sensible y estable tanto para telescopios de tierra como para las misiones espaciales. Dos frentes para los que nuestro grupo esta especialmente preparado. Por un lado, durante los ultimos años hemos desarrollado tecnicas de observacion y reduccion de transitos de exoplanetas para los telescopios del ORM, siendo el nuestro uno de los grupos mas productivos en la explotacion de GTC. Por otro lado, todas las misiones espaciales ESA (presentes y futuras) relacionadas con exoplanetas cuentan con uno o varios de los componentes del proyecto como CoIs.

    En el marco de este proyecto, pretendemos que los investigadores del IAC mantengan una situación aventajada con la explotación de OSIRIS y EMIR, instrumentos de primera luz de GTC, y participen en la construcción, comisionado y operación de nuevos instrumentos, como el espectrografo óptico de alta resolución HORUS en el GTC. La explotacion de la fotometria y espectroscopia de transitos con LIRIS en el WHT es tambien uno de nuestros principales intereses, especialmente en preparacion de la instalacion en 2015 del instrumento EMIR en el GTC.

    En resumen, el proyecto "Exoplanetas y Astrobiologia" se centrará entorno a estas cuatro lineas principales de actuacion:

    1) Caracterización de las propiedades fisicas y atmosfericas de exoplanetas (GTC, WHT, HARPSN, CARMENES, ESPRESSO, ARIEL etc.)

    2) Búsquedas y confirmacion de exoplanetas por transitos (CoRoT, Kepler, K2, CHEOPS, XO, LCOGT, WFC, PLATO, etc.)

    3) Busquedas/ confirmacion de exoplanetas por velocidad radial (HARPSN, HORUS, LCOGT, SONG, CARMENES)

    4) Astrobiología

    Investigador principal
    Personal del proyecto
    1. Deteccion de He en la atmosfera de un exoplaneta por primera vez, publicado en Science.
    2. Deteccion de un planeta entorno a la estrella de Barnard, publicado en Nature
    3. Deteccion de los primeros planetas del la mision TESS, con varios articulos de impacto
    4. Descubrimiento de rasgos de Na y Halpha en el espectro de KELT-20b con el TNG
    5. Publicación del Handbook of Exoplanets, la obra de referencia más extenso en el campo de los exoplanetas. Este Manual fue editado por miembros de nuestro grupo e incluye contribuciones de unos 300 expertos en todo el mundo, incluidos 12 miembros de IAC.

    Publicaciones relacionadas

    • SOPHIE velocimetry of Kepler transit candidates. XII. KOI-1257 b: a highly eccentric three-month period transiting exoplanet
      In this paper we report a new transiting warm giant planet: KOI-1257 b. It was first detected in photometry as a planet-candidate by the Kepler space telescope and then validated thanks to a radial velocity follow-up with the SOPHIE spectrograph. It orbits its host star with a period of 86.647661 d ± 3 s and a high eccentricity of 0.772 ± 0.045
      Santerne, A. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      11
      2014
      Número de citas
      66
    • Spectroscopy of Hyades L dwarf candidates★
      We present the results of photometric, astrometric, and spectroscopic follow-up of L dwarf candidates identified in the Hyades cluster by Hogan et al. We obtained low-resolution optical spectroscopy with the Optical System for Imaging and low-intermediate Resolution Integrated Spectroscopy spectrograph on the Gran Telescopio de Canarias for all 12
      Lodieu, N. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      12
      2014
      Número de citas
      26
    • Temperature constraints on the coldest brown dwarf known: WISE 0855-0714
      Context. Nearby isolated planetary mass objects are beginning to be discovered, but their individual properties are poorly constrained because their low surface temperatures and strong molecular self-absorption make them extremely faint. Aims: We aimed to detect the near-infrared emission of the coldest brown dwarf (BD) found so far, WISE0855-0714
      Beamín, J. C. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      10
      2014
      Número de citas
      17
    • Investigation of a transiting planet candidate in Trumpler 37: An astrophysical false positive eclipsing spectroscopic binary star
      We report our investigation of the first transiting planet candidate from the YETI project in the young (˜4 Myr old) open cluster Trumpler 37. The transit-like signal detected in the lightcurve of F8V star 2M21385603+5711345 repeats every 1.364894±0.000015 days, and has a depth of 54.5±0.8 mmag in R. Membership in the cluster is supported by its
      Errmann, R. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      2014
      Número de citas
      13
    • Binary frequency of planet-host stars at wide separations. A new brown dwarf companion to a planet-host star
      Aims: The aim of the project is to improve our knowledge on the multiplicity of planet-host stars at wide physical separations. Methods: We cross-matched approximately 6200 square degree area of the southern sky imaged by the Visible Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) Hemisphere Survey (VHS) with the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)
      Lodieu, N. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      9
      2014
      Número de citas
      25
    • CoRoT-22 b: a validated 4.9 R⊕ exoplanet in 10-d orbit
      The CoRoT satellite has provided high-precision photometric light curves for more than 163 000 stars and found several hundreds of transiting systems compatible with a planetary scenario. If ground-based velocimetric observations are the best way to identify the actual planets among many possible configurations of eclipsing binary systems, recent
      Moutou, C. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      11
      2014
      Número de citas
      15
    • The Penn State - Toruń Centre for Astronomy Planet Search stars. II. Lithium abundance analysis of the red giant clump sample
      Context. Standard stellar evolution theory does not predict existence of Li-rich giant stars. Several mechanisms for Li-enrichment have been proposed to operate at certain locations inside some stars. The actual mechanism operating in real stars is still unknown. Aims: Using the sample of 348 stars from the Penn State - Toruń Centre for Astronomy
      Adamów, M. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      9
      2014
      Número de citas
      47
    • Revisiting the transits of CoRoT-7b at a lower activity level
      The first super-Earth with measured radius discovered was CoRoT-7b and it has opened the new field of rocky exoplanet characterisation. To better understand this interesting system, new observations were taken with the CoRoT satellite. During this run 90 new transits were obtained in the imagette mode. These were analysed together with the previous
      Barros, S. C. C. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      9
      2014
      Número de citas
      65
    • Rossiter-McLaughlin Observations of 55 Cnc e
      We present Rossiter-McLaughlin observations of the transiting super-Earth 55 Cnc e collected during six transit events between 2012 January and 2013 November with HARPS and HARPS-N. We detect no radial velocity signal above 35 cm s–1 (3σ) and confine the stellar v sin i sstarf to 0.2 ± 0.5 km s–1. The star appears to be a very slow rotator
      López-Morales, M. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      9
      2014
      Número de citas
      36
    • Discovery of a new Y dwarf: WISE J030449.03-270508.3
      We present a new Y dwarf, WISE J030449.03-270508.3, confirmed from a candidate sample designed to pick out low-temperature objects from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) data base. The new object is typed Y0pec following a visual comparison with spectral standards, and lies at a likely distance of 10-17 pc. Its tangential velocity
      Pinfield, D. J. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      10
      2014
      Número de citas
      28
    • Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission. XXVI. CoRoT-24: a transiting multiplanet system
      We present the discovery of a candidate multiply transiting system, the first one found in the CoRoT mission. Two transit-like features with periods of 5.11 and 11.76 d are detected in the CoRoT light curve around a main sequence K1V star of r = 15.1. If the features are due to transiting planets around the same star, these would correspond to
      Alonso, R. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      7
      2014
      Número de citas
      20
    • Trigonometric parallaxes of young field L dwarfs
      Aims: We aim to determine the trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of a sample of ten field L0-L5 dwarfs with spectroscopic evidence for low-gravity atmospheres. The ten sources were located in color-absolute magnitude diagrams and in the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram for age and mass derivations and were compared with field and star
      Zapatero Osorio, M. R. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      8
      2014
      Número de citas
      49
    • 2MASS J154043.42-510135.7: a new addition to the 5 pc population
      Aims: The aim of the project is to find the stars closest to the Sun and to contribute to the completion of the stellar and substellar census of the solar neighbourhood. Methods: We identified a new late-M dwarf within 5 pc, looking for high proper motion sources in the 2MASS-WISE cross-match. We collected astrometric and photometric data available
      Pérez Garrido, A. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      7
      2014
      Número de citas
      9
    • Confirmation of an exoplanet using the transit color signature: Kepler-418b, a blended giant planet in a multiplanet system
      Aims: We announce confirmation of Kepler-418b, one of two proposed planets in this system. This is the first confirmation of an exoplanet based primarily on the transit color signature technique. Methods: We used the Kepler public data archive combined with multicolor photometry from the Gran Telescopio de Canarias and radial velocity follow-up
      Tingley, B. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      7
      2014
      Número de citas
      15
    • Blending the distinctions among groups of minor bodies: a portrait of the Centaur-comet "transition" object P/2010 C1 (Scotti)
      Aims: We present a portrait of the active Centaur P/2010 C1 (Scotti), observed with a well developed comet-like activity (central diffuse coma condensation and an extended sharp tail-like structure) at the heliocentric distance of rh = 5.5 AU. Methods: We analyse multicolour (B, V, R, and I) images taken at the TNG telescope to characterise the
      Mazzotta Epifani, E. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2014
      Número de citas
      14
    • WTS-2 b: a hot Jupiter orbiting near its tidal destruction radius around a K dwarf
      We report the discovery of WTS-2 b, an unusually close-in 1.02-d hot Jupiter (MP = 1.12MJ, RP = 1.30RJ) orbiting a K2V star, which has a possible gravitationally bound M-dwarf companion at 0.6 arcsec separation contributing ˜20 per cent of the total flux in the observed J-band light curve. The planet is only 1.5 times the separation from its host
      Birkby, J. L. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      3
      2014
      Número de citas
      52
    • Ground-based transit observations of the super-Earth GJ 1214 b
      Context. GJ 1214 b is one of the few known transiting super-Earth-sized exoplanets with a measured mass and radius. It orbits an M-dwarf, only 14.55 pc away, making it a favorable candidate for follow-up studies. However, the composition of GJ 1214 b's mysterious atmosphere has yet to be fully unveiled. Aims: Our goal is to distinguish between the
      Cáceres, C. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2014
      Número de citas
      19
    • New constraints on the formation and settling of dust in the atmospheres of young M and L dwarfs
      Context. Gravity modifies the spectral features of young brown dwarfs (BDs). A proper characterization of these objects is crucial for the identification of the least massive and latest-type objects in star-forming regions, and to explain the origin(s) of the peculiar spectrophotometric properties of young directly imaged extrasolar planets and BD
      Manjavacas, E. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      4
      2014
      Número de citas
      41
    • The GTC exoplanet transit spectroscopy survey . I. OSIRIS transmission spectroscopy of the short period planet WASP-43b<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">⋆
      Aims: In this work, we use long-slit spectroscopy observations of a transit event of the close-in orbiting planet WASP-43b (Mp = 2.034 MJup, Rp = 1.036 RJup) in an effort to detect its atmosphere. Methods: We used the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) instrument OSIRIS to obtain long-slit spectra in the optical range 520-1040 nm of the planetary host
      Murgas, F. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      3
      2014
      Número de citas
      64
    • Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission. XXV. CoRoT-27b: a massive and dense planet on a short-period orbit
      Aims: We report the discovery of a massive and dense transiting planet CoRoT-27b on a 3.58-day orbit around a 4.2 Gyr-old G2 star. The planet candidate was identified from the CoRoT photometry, and was confirmed as a planet with ground-based spectroscopy. Methods: The confirmation of the planet candidate is based on radial velocity observations
      Gandolfi, D. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      2
      2014
      Número de citas
      25

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