Exoplanetas y Astrobiología

    General
    Descripción

    La búsqueda de vida en el Universo se ha visto impulsada por los recientes descubrimientos de planetas alrededor de otras estrellas (los llamados exoplanetas), convirtiéndose en uno de los campos más activos dentro de la Astrofísica moderna. En los últimos años los descubrimientos cada vez más numerosos de nuevos exoplanetas y los últimos avances en el estudio de sus atmósferas no sólo están dándonos valiosa nueva información sobre sus propiedades físicas, sino que nos están permitiendo además poner las propiedades de los planetas de nuestro Sistema Solar dentro un contexto más global. El campo esta acercándose al importante descubrimiento de los primeros planetas potencialmente habitables, impulsando estudios más detallados de estos planetas. Con el lanzamiento de las nuevas misiones como JWST, CHEOPS, TESS, ARIEL o PLATO, al campo de exoplanetas se le plantea un futuro muy excitante.

    Es por esta razon que este campo se ayuda de y, a su vez motiva, el desarrollo de instrumentación cada vez más sensible y estable tanto para telescopios de tierra como para las misiones espaciales. Dos frentes para los que nuestro grupo esta especialmente preparado. Por un lado, durante los ultimos años hemos desarrollado tecnicas de observacion y reduccion de transitos de exoplanetas para los telescopios del ORM, siendo el nuestro uno de los grupos mas productivos en la explotacion de GTC. Por otro lado, todas las misiones espaciales ESA (presentes y futuras) relacionadas con exoplanetas cuentan con uno o varios de los componentes del proyecto como CoIs.

    En el marco de este proyecto, pretendemos que los investigadores del IAC mantengan una situación aventajada con la explotación de OSIRIS y EMIR, instrumentos de primera luz de GTC, y participen en la construcción, comisionado y operación de nuevos instrumentos, como el espectrografo óptico de alta resolución HORUS en el GTC. La explotacion de la fotometria y espectroscopia de transitos con LIRIS en el WHT es tambien uno de nuestros principales intereses, especialmente en preparacion de la instalacion en 2015 del instrumento EMIR en el GTC.

    En resumen, el proyecto "Exoplanetas y Astrobiologia" se centrará entorno a estas cuatro lineas principales de actuacion:

    1) Caracterización de las propiedades fisicas y atmosfericas de exoplanetas (GTC, WHT, HARPSN, CARMENES, ESPRESSO, ARIEL etc.)

    2) Búsquedas y confirmacion de exoplanetas por transitos (CoRoT, Kepler, K2, CHEOPS, XO, LCOGT, WFC, PLATO, etc.)

    3) Busquedas/ confirmacion de exoplanetas por velocidad radial (HARPSN, HORUS, LCOGT, SONG, CARMENES)

    4) Astrobiología

    Investigador principal
    Personal del proyecto
    1. Deteccion de He en la atmosfera de un exoplaneta por primera vez, publicado en Science.
    2. Deteccion de un planeta entorno a la estrella de Barnard, publicado en Nature
    3. Deteccion de los primeros planetas del la mision TESS, con varios articulos de impacto
    4. Descubrimiento de rasgos de Na y Halpha en el espectro de KELT-20b con el TNG
    5. Publicación del Handbook of Exoplanets, la obra de referencia más extenso en el campo de los exoplanetas. Este Manual fue editado por miembros de nuestro grupo e incluye contribuciones de unos 300 expertos en todo el mundo, incluidos 12 miembros de IAC.

    Publicaciones relacionadas

    • TOI-733 b: A planet in the small-planet radius valley orbiting a Sun-like star
      We report the discovery of a hot (T eq ≈ 1055 K) planet in the small-planet radius valley that transits the Sun-like star TOI-733. It was discovered as part of the KESPRINT follow-up program of TESS planets carried out with the HARPS spectrograph. TESS photometry from sectors 9 and 36 yields an orbital period of {P {{orb}}} = 4.884765 - 2.4e - 5 +
      Georgieva, Iskra Y. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      6
      2023
      Número de citas
      1
    • VaTEST. II. Statistical Validation of 11 TESS-detected Exoplanets Orbiting K-type Stars
      NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is an all-sky survey mission designed to find transiting exoplanets orbiting nearby bright stars. It has identified more than 329 transiting exoplanets, and almost 6000 candidates remain unvalidated. In this manuscript, we discuss the findings from the ongoing Validation of Transiting Exoplanets
      Mistry, Priyashkumar et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      7
      2023
      Número de citas
      3
    • TOI-5678b: A 48-day transiting Neptune-mass planet characterized with CHEOPS and HARPS★
      Context. A large sample of long-period giant planets has been discovered thanks to long-term radial velocity surveys, but only a few dozen of these planets have a precise radius measurement. Transiting gas giants are crucial targets for the study of atmospheric composition across a wide range of equilibrium temperatures and, more importantly, for
      Ulmer-Moll, S. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      6
      2023
      Número de citas
      16
    • Refined parameters of the HD 22946 planetary system and the true orbital period of planet d★
      Context. Multi-planet systems are important sources of information regarding the evolution of planets. However, the long-period planets in these systems often escape detection. These objects in particular may retain more of their primordial characteristics compared to close-in counterparts because of their increased distance from the host star. HD
      Garai, Z. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      6
      2023
      Número de citas
      13
    • TOI-4010: A System of Three Large Short-period Planets with a Massive Long-period Companion
      We report the confirmation of three exoplanets transiting TOI-4010 (TIC-352682207), a metal-rich K dwarf observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite in Sectors 24, 25, 52, and 58. We confirm these planets with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher for the Northern Hemisphere radial velocity observations and measure their
      Kunimoto, Michelle et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      7
      2023
      Número de citas
      4
    • TESS and CHEOPS discover two warm sub-Neptunes transiting the bright K-dwarf HD 15906
      We report the discovery of two warm sub-Neptunes transiting the bright (G = 9.5 mag) K-dwarf HD 15906 (TOI 461, TIC 4646810). This star was observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in sectors 4 and 31, revealing two small transiting planets. The inner planet, HD 15906 b, was detected with an unambiguous period but the outer
      Tuson, A. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      8
      2023
      Número de citas
      12
    • Two warm Neptunes transiting HIP 9618 revealed by TESS and Cheops
      HIP 9618 (HD 12572, TOI-1471, TIC 306263608) is a bright (G = 9.0 mag) solar analogue. TESS photometry revealed the star to have two candidate planets with radii of 3.9 ± 0.044 R ⊕ (HIP 9618 b) and 3.343 ± 0.039 R ⊕ (HIP 9618 c). While the 20.77291 d period of HIP 9618 b was measured unambiguously, HIP 9618 c showed only two transits separated by a
      Osborn, H. P. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      8
      2023
      Número de citas
      16
    • The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Line-by-line sensitivity to activity in M dwarfs
      Context. Radial velocities (RVs) measured from high-resolution stellar spectra are routinely used to detect and characterise orbiting exoplanet companions. The different lines present in stellar spectra are created by several species, which are non-uniformly affected by stellar variability features such as spots or faculae. Stellar variability
      Lafarga, M. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      6
      2023
      Número de citas
      4
    • Detection of Carbon Monoxide's 4.6 Micron Fundamental Band Structure in WASP-39b's Atmosphere with JWST NIRSpec G395H
      Carbon monoxide (CO) is predicted to be the dominant carbon-bearing molecule in giant planet atmospheres and, along with water, is important for discerning the oxygen and therefore carbon-to-oxygen ratio of these planets. The fundamental absorption mode of CO has a broad, double-branched structure composed of many individual absorption lines from 4
      Grant, David et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      9
    • Discovery of a substellar companion in the TESS light curve of the δ Scuti/γ Doradus hybrid pulsator HD 31221
      Context. Close-in, sub-stellar companions to δ Scuti type stars present a highly suitable testbed for examining how planetary-mass objects can influence stellar pulsations. Aims: We aim to constrain the mass of HD 31221 b, probe its atmosphere, and demonstrate how it affects the pulsational pattern of its host, HD 31221. Methods: We made use of the
      Kálmán, Sz. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      3
    • Characterisation of the upper atmospheres of HAT-P-32 b, WASP-69 b, GJ 1214 b, and WASP-76 b through their He I triplet absorption
      Characterisation of atmospheres undergoing photo-evaporation is key to understanding the formation, evolution, and diversity of planets. However, only a few upper atmospheres that experience this kind of hydrodynamic escape have been characterised. Our aim is to characterise the upper atmospheres of the hot Jupiters HAT-P-32b and WASP-69 b, the
      Lampón, M. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      15
    • A temperate Earth-sized planet with tidal heating transiting an M6 star
      Temperate Earth-sized exoplanets around late-M dwarfs offer a rare opportunity to explore under which conditions planets can develop hospitable climate conditions. The small stellar radius amplifies the atmospheric transit signature, making even compact secondary atmospheres dominated by N 2 or CO 2 amenable to characterization with existing
      Peterson, Merrin S. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      9
    • Photochemically produced SO<SUB>2</SUB> in the atmosphere of WASP-39b
      Photochemistry is a fundamental process of planetary atmospheres that regulates the atmospheric composition and stability 1. However, no unambiguous photochemical products have been detected in exoplanet atmospheres so far. Recent observations from the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community Early Release Science Program 2,3 found a spectral absorption
      Tsai, Shang-Min et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      107
    • The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. A deep transfer learning method to determine T<SUB>eff</SUB> and [M/H] of target stars
      The large amounts of astrophysical data being provided by existing and future instrumentation require efficient and fast analysis tools. Transfer learning is a new technique promising higher accuracy in the derived data products, with information from one domain being transferred to improve the accuracy of a neural network model in another domain
      Bello-García, A. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      2
    • Detection of a high-velocity sodium feature on the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121 b
      Context. Ultra-hot Jupiters, with their high equilibrium temperatures and resolved spectral lines, have emerged as a perfect testbed for new analysis techniques in the study of exoplanet atmospheres. In particular, the resolved sodium doublet as a resonant line has proven a powerful indicator to probe the atmospheric structure over a wide pressure
      Seidel, J. V. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      13
    • Planetary system around LTT 1445A unveiled by ESPRESSO: Multiple planets in a triple M-dwarf system
      We present radial velocity follow-up obtained with ESPRESSO of the M-type star LTT 1445A (TOI-455), for which a transiting planet b with an orbital period of 5.4 days was detected by TESS. We report the discovery of a second transiting planet (LTT 1445A c) and a third non-transiting candidate planet (LTT 1445A d) with orbital periods of 3.12 and 24
      Lavie, B. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      11
    • A new dynamical modeling of the WASP-47 system with CHEOPS observations
      Among the hundreds of known hot Jupiters (HJs), only five have been found to have companions on short-period orbits. Within this rare class of multiple planetary systems, the architecture of WASP-47 is unique, hosting an HJ (planet-b) with both an inner and an outer sub-Neptunian mass companion (-e and -d, respectively) as well as an additional non
      Nascimbeni, V. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      5
    • Three Long-period Transiting Giant Planets from TESS
      We report the discovery and orbital characterization of three new transiting warm giant planets. These systems were initially identified as presenting single-transit events in the light curves generated from the full-frame images of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Follow-up radial velocity measurements and additional light curves were
      Brahm, Rafael et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      6
      2023
      Número de citas
      7
    • TOI-1442 b and TOI-2445 b: Two potentially rocky ultra-short period planets around M dwarfs
      Context. Exoplanets with orbital periods of less than one day are known as ultra-short period (USP) planets. They are relatively rare products of planetary formation and evolution processes, but especially favourable for characterisation with current planet detection methods. At the time of writing, 125 USP planets have already been confirmed. Aims
      Morello, G. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      8
    • Another shipment of six short-period giant planets from TESS
      We present the discovery and characterization of six short-period, transiting giant planets from NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) -- TOI-1811 (TIC 376524552), TOI-2025 (TIC 394050135), TOI-2145 (TIC 88992642), TOI-2152 (TIC 395393265), TOI-2154 (TIC 428787891), and TOI-2497 (TIC 97568467). All six planets orbit bright host stars
      Rodriguez, Joseph E. et al.

      Fecha de publicación:

      5
      2023
      Número de citas
      19

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